Figure 1.

Effect of Light Stimulation on the Frequency of mEPSCs in non-ChR2-expressing GABA Neurons

(A) Immunostaining of co-cultures of forebrain glutamate neurons derived from ChR2-EYFP-expressing hESCs and GABA neurons derived from wild-type hESCs at 5 weeks after plating. Ho, Hoechst. Scale bar, 25 μm.

(B) Representative mEPSCs of a GABA neuron before, during, and after the light stimulation. (1) The 4 min of recording of mEPSCs. (2) Expanded timescale of the mEPSC recording before, during, and after the light stimulation.

(C) Time course of the average number of mEPSCs before, during, and after the light stimulation (the bin size is 15 s) (n = 8, mean ± SEM).

(D) The cumulative distributions of the inter-event intervals of mEPSCs before, during, and after the light stimulation.

(E) The averaged mEPSC frequency in GABA neurons before, during, and after the light stimulation (mean ± SEM, n = 8, paired t test, versus before [control]).

(F) Effect of light stimulation on PPF in non ChR2-expressing GABA neurons. Left, typical recordings of PPF before and after light stimulation. Holding potential, −70 mV. Right, Averaged PPF before and after light stimulation (p < 0.05, n = 6, mean ± SEM, t test).

(G) The action currents triggered by 5-ms pulses of blue light in ChR2-expressing glutamate neurons under voltage-clamp mode.

(H) eEPSC recording in a non-ChR2-expressing GABA neuron.