Table 2.

Inverse dynamics-calculated (KFM and KAM) and ANN-estimated (KFM^* and KAM^*) discrete load metrics (peak and impulse).

Locomotion task	KFM		KAM		KFM*		KAM*
	Peak	Impulse	Peak	Impulse	Peak	Impulse	Peak	Impulse
	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)	(Nm/kg)
Walking straight	0.67 ± 0.13	45.72 ± 14.52	0.54 ± 0.15	69.16 ± 26.03	0.91 ± 0.30	52.31 ± 24.83	0.65 ± 0.18	64.23 ± 13.76
90° walking turn	1.02 ± 0.38	71.79 ± 36.05	0.57 ± 0.18	44.65 ± 21.96	1.55 ± 1.19	70.12 ± 31.23	0.90 ± 0.44	52.06 ± 17.00
Moderate running	2.03 ± 0.34	193.05 ± 58.08	0.52 ± 0.16	43.48 ± 21.81	2.57 ± 0.92	197.00 ± 90.16	0.84 ± 0.39	56.35 ± 50.26
Fast running	2.49 ± 0.35	246.20 ± 71.51	0.77 ± 0.20	51.35 ± 27.01	3.44 ± 1.92	259.80 ± 118.59	1.72 ± 0.99	91.98 ± 62.78
90° running turn	2.20 ± 0.40	240.28 ± 83.01	0.60 ± 0.17	20.80 ± 6.56	3.12 ± 0.88	253.13 ± 91.06	1.45 ± 0.73	61.94 ± 31.19
45° cutting maneuver	2.52 ± 0.50	284.58 ± 85.73	0.61 ± 0.23	43.97 ± 35.24	3.50 ± 1.29	310.16 ± 144.96	2.11 ± 1.38	120.90 ± 110.35
Mean	1.82 ± 0.79	180.27 ± 98.86	0.60 ± 0.09	45.57 ± 15.56	2.52 ± 1.07	190.42 ± 106.46	1.28 ± 0.57	74.58 ± 26.66

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviations; KFM, knee flexion moment; KAM, knee adduction moment.