TABLE 2.

Primary and Neuropsychological Outcomes

	Prenatal Surgery		Postnatal Surgery
	n	Mean ± SD	n	Mean ± SD	P
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales IIa	78	89.0 ± 9.6	81	87.5 ± 12.0	.35
Communicationa	78	94.3 ± 12.2	81	92.4 ± 15.0	—
Daily livinga	78	87.6 ± 10.8	81	84.3 ± 12.4	—
Socializationa	78	96.2 ± 10.9	81	96.2 ± 12.4	—
KBIT-2
Composite scorea	78	99.0 ± 16.2	80	91.6 ± 22.5	.05
Verbal learninga	78	101.3 ± 15.1	80	95.9 ± 22.2	—
Nonverbal reasoninga	78	96.3 ± 17.4	80	88.0 ± 21.5	—
California Verbal Learning Test–Children’s Version (trials 1–5)b	76	41.5 ± 10.6	75	39.4 ± 11.2	.35
WJ-III
Reading compositea,c	77	100.5 ± 17.2	79	93.8 ± 19.8	.01
Math calculationsa	77	91.9 ± 21.2	77	88.7 ± 22.3	.42
CMS
Dot learningd	78	8.2 ± 3.0	77	7.0 ± 3.2	.04
Faces immediated	72	7.7 ± 2.7	71	7.4 ± 4.1	.34
Beery Visual-Motor Integrationa	78	85.9 ± 10.8	79	82.5 ± 14.6	.26
Purdue Pegboarde	78	−2.1 ± 1.2	78	−2.9 ± 1.6	<.001
Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, Second Edition, word generationd	77	8.1 ± 2.7	80	7.3 ± 3.3	.17

P values from the Wilcoxon test. —, not applicable.

^aStandard score metric mean 100; SD 15.

^bT score metric mean 50; SD 10.

^cAverage of the following tests: Letter-Word Identification and Passage Comprehension.

^dScale score, mean 10; SD 3 for each subtest.

^eAverage z score for pegs placed with preferred hand, nonpreferred hand, and both hands.