Figure 4.

Exercise augments the anti-tumor activity of ex vivo expanded TCR-γδ T-cells in a manner that is dependent on both β₁ and β₂-AR signaling. The percentage of K562 (A), U266 (B), and 221.AEH (C) target cells killed by the expanded TCR-γδ T-cells at an E:T ratio of 10:1 following 14-days expansion with ZOL+IL-2 (n = 14). The effects of placebo, bisoprolol, and nadolol on the exercise-induced changes in specific lysis against K562 (D) and U266 (E) target cells following ex vivo expansion (n = 6). Values are mean ± SE. Differences from Pre-Ex are indicated by * and differences from 1 h-Post are indicated by #, p < 0.05. Differences from the nadolol trial are indicated by $, p < 0.05.