Figure 2. emc1 depletion results in neural crest gene expression abnormalities early in development.

Embryos were injected into 1 cell at the 2-cell stage with emc1 MO followed by interrogation of neural crest markers via WISH. (A) WISH for markers of NCC cell lineage revealed that expression of earlier markers (pax3, snai2, and sox9) was present at expected developmental stages (stages 16 and 20 shown) but displayed abnormal distribution; the later marker sox10 was almost entirely lost (n = 45 per marker per stage done in 3 replicates; injected halves of embryos indicated by asterisks). Scale bar: 500 μm. (B) Schematic of the experimental setup, in which injection of MO into 1 cell of a 2-cell embryo allowed for 1 side of the embryo to develop under the effects of the MO injection; the other half served as an internal control for developmental phenotypes. (C) Markers showed abnormal distribution at later stages (stage 24 shown), suggesting mispatterning of the embryonic rostrum (n = 45 per marker per stage done in 3 replicates). Scale bar: 500 μm.