Table 3.
Lead and procedure characteristics.
| Total leads removed (n = 138) | Explantation (n = 58) | Extraction (n = 80) | p- valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead type | ||||
| Atrial pacing leads | 50 (36.2) | 23 (39.7) | 27 (33.7) | – |
| Ventricular pacing leads | 75 (54.3) | 32 (55.2) | 43 (53.7) | – |
| VDD pacing leads | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.2) | – |
| Coronary sinus leads | 6 (4.3) | 2 (3.4) | 4 (5.0) | – |
| Single coil ICD leads | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | – |
| Dual coil ICD leads | 4 (2.9) | 1 (1.7) | 3 (3.8) | – |
| Lead fixation | ||||
| Active | 70 (50.7) | 37 (63.8) | 33 (41.2) | 0.009 |
| Passive | 68 (49.3) | 21 (36.2) | 47 (58.8) | – |
| Unipolar leads | 3 (2.2) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (2.5) | 0.758 |
| Vascular access for the leads | ||||
| Subclavian/axillary | 125 (90.6) | 52 (89.7) | 73 (91.2) | 0.752 |
| Cephalic | 13 (9.4) | 6 (10.3) | 7 (8.8) | – |
| Cut leads | 7 (5.1) | 0 (0) | 7 (8.8) | 0.021 |
| Side of the implant | ||||
| Left side | 79 (57.2) | 37 (63.8) | 42 (52.5) | 0.186 |
| Right side | 59 (42.8) | 21 (36.2) | 38 (47.5) | – |
| Dwell time, months | 22.1 (4.5–61.3) | 3.9 (2.9–8.6) | 52.1 (28.2–117.2) | – |
| Place of explantation | ||||
| Electrophysiology lab | 128 (92.8) | 55 (94.8) | 73 (91.2) | 0.424 |
| Operating room | 10 (7.2) | 3 (5.2) | 7 (8.8) | – |
| Technique of explantation | ||||
| Manual traction only | 115 (83.3) | 58 (100.0) | 57 (71.2) | – |
| Traction tools (Lead locking device and/or snare) | 9 (6.5) | – | 9 (11.2) | – |
| Cutting sheaths | 14 (10.1) | – | 14 (17.5) | – |
| Successful removal | ||||
| Success | 123 (89.1) | 58 (100.0) | 65 (81.2) | <0.001 |
| Total removal | 121 (87.7) | 58 (100.0) | 63 (78.8) | – |
| Partial removal (<4 cm remnant left) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | – |
Note: Values are frequency (%) or median (25th percentile - 75th percentile).
– Not applicable or not analyzed.
a
Comparison between explantation and extraction groups.