Table 5.
Comparison of maximum adsorption capacities of various raw and modified low-cost adsorbents reported in the literature for Pb(II) adsorption
| Adsorbents | Adsorption capacity qmax (mg g−1) | |
|---|---|---|
| Pb(II) | References | |
| Natural palygorskite | 104.28 | Chen and Wang (2007) |
| Kaolinite nanotubes | 89 | Abukhadra et al. (2019a, b) |
| KDK | 46.45 | This study |
| Sewage sludge biochar | 44.91 | Ifthikar et al. (2017) |
| Acid activated bentonite | 40.14 | Eren et al. (2009) |
| Sodium polyphosphate/kaolinite | 40.0 | Amer et al. (2010) |
| Tree fern | 40 | Ho et al. (2004) |
| Moringa olifera bark | 34.6 | Reddy et al. (2010) |
| Meranti sawdust | 34.25 | Rafatullah et al. (2009) |
| Peanut husk | 29.14 | Li et al. (2007) |
| Pine cone–activated carbon | 27.53 | Momčilović et al. (2011) |
| Sawdust | 21.05 | Li et al. (2007) |
| Chitosan/PAN | 20.08 | Anitha et al. (2015a, b) |
| Egyptian kaolinite | 15.52 | This study |
| Kaolinite | 7.75 | Shahmohammadi-Kalalagh et al. (2011) |
| Chabazite | 6.0 | Ouki and Kavannagh (1997) |