Interrogating Cellular Electrical Activity
(A) Infrared-differential interference contrast microscopy image of a pair of electrically coupled neurons during dual whole-cell patch clamp. Scale bar, 20 μm.
(B) Multielectrode array containing 64 electrodes, 50 × 50 μm(Sanganalmath and Bolli, 2013) each. Scale bar, 150 μm.
(C) Electron micrograph of a mushroom-shaped electrode engulfed by a PC12 cell. Scale bar, 5 μm.
(D) Differential interference contrast microscopy images of an HL-1 cell and kinked nanowire probe as the cell approaches the probe (I), contacts, and internalizes it (II). Scale bar, 5 μm. Reproduced with permission from Tian et al., 2010, Palacios-Prado et al., 2013, Oka et al., 1999; and Hai et al., 2010.