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. 2020 Jan 31;10:1578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58460-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The effects of mono-VPA and poly-VPA therapy on the BIS values seen after the administration of propofol. In the poly-VPA group, the minimum BIS (a) was significantly lower, and BIS of <60 were maintained for significantly longer (b) than in the other groups. The statistical analyses were performed via one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. The data are presented as mean ± SD values. Control: control group, Mono: mono-VPA group, Poly: poly-VPA group.