Table 1.
Demographics | First Trimester Pregnancy Loss N = 52 | Continuing Pregnancy N = 243 | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) [Median (Q1, Q3)] | 34.0 (31.0, 36.3) | 32.0 (29.0, 35.0) | 0.067a |
Gravidity (N) [Median (Q1, Q3)] | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 0.440a |
Parity (N) [Median (Q1, Q3)] | 0 (0, 1.0) | 0 (0, 1.0) | 0.324a |
BMI (kg/m2) [Median (Q1, Q3)] | 26.1 (22.0, 30.5) | 25.0 (22.0, 31.0) | 0.785a |
Mode of conception* (percentage) | |||
Spontaneous | 22 (42.3%) | 66 (31.6%) | 0.189b |
Ovulation induction (OI) | 8 (15.4%) | 27 (12.9%) | 0.399b |
OI + Intrauterine Insemination | 6 (11.5%) | 27 (12.9%) | 0.060b |
In vitro Fertilization | 16 (30.7%) | 89 (42.6%) | 0.081b |
Clinical Condition** (percentage) | |||
Smoking | 2 (3.8%) | 14 (6.7%) | 0.440b |
PCOS | 35 (67.3%) | 154 (73.7%) | 0.357b |
Glucose Intolerance | 6 (11.5%) | 29 (13.9%) | 0.658b |
Hypothyroidism | 8 (15.4%) | 34 (16.3%) | 0.877b |
Hypertension | 1 (1.9%) | 4 (1.9%) | 0.997b |
Autoimmune disease | 2 (3.8%) | 16 (7.7%) | 0.429b |
Uterine Subseptation | 12 (23.1%) | 30 (14.4%) | 0.126b |
Uterine Fibroids | 6 (11.5%) | 33 (15.8%) | 0.442b |
Endometriosis | 3 (5.8%) | 17 (8.1%) | 0.566b |
aMann-Whitney U test; bPearson Chi-Square.
*In twin, or triplet, pregnancies whit one, or two, miscarried embryos and one viable embryo, the same patient was counted in both groups.
**Pregnancies in both groups occurred after corrections of the underlying conditions. PCOS was diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria17; Glucose intolerance was defined as hemoglobin A1c ≥ 5.7%; Hypothyroidism was defined by a TSH ≥ 2.5 mIU/l; Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90; Autoimmune disease encompassed systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Lupus Anticoagulant, Anticardiolipin antibodies, AntiPhosphatidil antibodies; Uterine subseptations were treated when measuring ≥5.9 mm.