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. 2019 Sep 23;10(1):43–80. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2019.09.007
Consensus statements Level Grade
  • Dynamic CT, dynamic MRI, or gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (Gd-EOB-DTPA or Gd-BOPTA) are recommended as a first-line diagnostic tools for HCC when a nodule is detected in surveillance or random ultrasonogram in a cirrhotic liver.

I Strong
  • The classical features of HCC (hypervascularity of the nodule in arterial phase and washout in porto-venous phase) can only be applied to cirrhotic patients having nodule(s) ≥1 cm, because of the high pretest probability.

I Strong
  • If a nodule of size <1 cm is detected in the liver:
    • A 3-monthly follow-up is recommended for 1 year using ultrasound for any enlargement in size. If there is any change in pattern or growth, dynamic CT/dynamic MRI should be done.
    • Nodules <1 cm may also be evaluated for HCC with gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-/Gd-BOPTA enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
I Strong
  • If a nodule of size >1 cm is detected in the liver a dynamic (tri-phasic or four-phasic) computed tomography (CT) scan or MRI scan should be done at centers equipped with appropriate equipment and expertise.

I Strong
  • If imaging is typical of HCC, characterized by arterial phase hyperenhancement and washout on portal venous phase, on CT or MRI, no tissue diagnosis is required.

I Strong
  • Nodular lesions that show an imaging pattern atypical for HCC on one of the multiphasic dynamic scans (CT or MRI) should undergo the other multiphasic dynamic scan (CT or MRI). MR scans should preferably be Gd-EOB-DTPA or Gd-BOPTA enhanced scans.
    • If on second scan the features are typical of HCC in the setting of chronic liver disease then biopsy is not necessary for confirmation of diagnosis.
    • If on both the scans the features are atypical of HCC then histological confirmation for diagnosis of HCC is required.
I Strong
  • Reporting of above mentioned multi detector co-axial tomogrphy scanning (MDCT) or MRI should preferably be done using the LI-RADS lexicon to achieve standardization.

II-3 Weak
  • In patients with renal failure (eGFR<30 ml/min), contrast enhanced ultrasound with SonoVue is recommended for a lesion detected on US.

II-3 Weak