Table 2. Stricture and treatment characteristics.
| Parameter | No failure | Failure | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location of stricture, n (%) | 0.3 | ||
| Distal bulbar urethra | 5 [9] | 6 [22] | |
| Membranous urethra | 14 [26] | 7 [26] | |
| Proximal bulbar urethra | 34 [64] | 14 [52] | |
| Stricture length, cm* | 1 [0.5–1] | 0.7 [0.5–1.5] | 0.9 |
| Stricture stage, n (%)† | 0.4 | ||
| 1 | 2 [4] | 0 | |
| 2 | 13 [25] | 5 [19] | |
| 3 | 37 [71] | 22 [81] | |
| Second stricture, n (%) | 0.2 | ||
| Bladder neck contracture | 3 [6] | 1 [4] | |
| Membranous urethra | 0 | 1 [4] | |
| Pendulous urethra | 0 | 1 [4] | |
| Any prior treatment, n (%) | 36 [68] | 25 [93] | 0.01 |
| Number of prior treatments | 1 [0–3] | 4 [1–6] | 0.0003 |
| Prior dilation | 18 [34] | 16 [59] | 0.04 |
| Number of previous dilations | 0 [0–1] | 1 [0–5] | 0.005 |
| Prior DVIU | 10 [19] | 9 [33] | 0.2 |
| Number of previous DVIUs | 0 [0–0] | 0 [0–1] | 0.2 |
| Prior urethroplasty, n (%) | 27 [51] | 21 [78] | 0.03 |
| Number of prior urethroplasties | 1 [0–1] | 1 [1–2] | 0.004 |
| With prior endoscopic interventions, n (%) | 14 [26] | 13 [48] | 0.08 |
| Time from symptoms to balloon dilation, yrs‡ | 5.4 [1.0–10] | 3.8 [0.5–32] | 0.9 |
| Complications of balloon dilation, n (%) | 2 [4] | 4 [15] | 0.2 |
| Infection | 0 | 1 [4] | 0.3 |
| Urinary retention | 2 [4] | 3 [11] | 0.3 |
| Multiple balloon dilations | 3 [6] | 4 [15] | 0.2 |
| Self-catheterization post-procedure, n (%) | 4 [8] | 4 [15] | 0.4 |
Continuous variables are presented as medians with interquartile ranges in square parentheses. *, available for 56 patients; †, unavailable for 1 patient; ‡, refers to the first balloon dilation, for patients who underwent multiple. DVIU, direct vision internal urethrotomy. IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score.