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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2019 Dec 12;108(3):722–733. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.36852

FIGURE 8.

FIGURE 8

Modulation of inflammation by cytokine-loaded microspheres. NO production by the chondrocytes treated with (a) bolus supplementation of 200 mg of cytokines in the culture media and (b) microsphere treatment condition were quantified and compared. The results showed that the IL-4 and IL-13 released from the microspheres successfully reduced the chondrocyte inflammation by 65–80% within 3 days while IL-10 showed only a marginal effect with no significant decrease in NO production compared to untreated controls. Compared to bolus treatment, the microspheres mediated delivery of the anti-inflammatory cytokines exhibited comparable or better performance. * indicates p < 0.05