Figure 4.

PGC‐1α, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. NO‐mediated transcription and activation of PGC‐1α. PGC‐1α is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. AMPK, AMP‐activated protein kinase; cGMP, cyclic guanosine‐monophosphate; CREB, cAMP response element‐binding protein 1; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; n/eNOS, neuronal/endothelial nitric oxide synthase; NRF1/2, nuclear respiratory factors 1/2; PGC‐1α, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1α; PKA, protein kinase A; TF, transcription factor; TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A; TFB1M, mitochondrial transcription factor B1; TFB2M, mitochondrial transcription factor B2