Table 1.
Formulation of the experimental diets (%) used to fed Nile tilapia with varied levels of FPBM for 60 days.
| Ingredient | FPBM (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | |
| Fish meala | 18 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 2 |
| Soybean meala | 32 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 |
| Fermented poultry by-productb | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 |
| Corn glutena | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Wheat brana | 11 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 24 |
| Rice brana | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Yellow corna | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Fish oila | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Sunflower oila | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Vitamin mixturec | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Vitamin mixtured | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Di-calcium phosphatee | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Threoninee | 0 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.22 |
| Lysinee | 0 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.5 | 0.68 |
| Methioninee | 0 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.21 |
| Tryptophane | 0 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0.31 |
Supplied by Feed Control Co., Ltd. (Damro, Sidi Salem, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt); fish meal, 66% crude protein, 7.9% crude lipid; soybean meal, 45.6% crude protein, 0.7% crude lipid; corn gluten, 60% crude protein, 2.1% crude lipid; wheat bran, 12.8% crude protein, 3.6% crude lipid; rice bran, 12.5% crude protein, 5.2% crude lipid; yellow corn, 7.5% crude protein, 3.5% crude lipid; Fish oil and sunflower oil (98–99% crude lipid).
Poultry by-product meal was kindly provided by Elsodor company (Al-Sadat city, Egypt); fish meal, 60.2% crude protein, 7.9% crude lipid.
Vitamin mixture (mg/kg premix): vitamin A (3,300 IU), vitamin D3 (410 IU), vitamin E (2,660 mg), vitamin B1 (133 mg), vitamin B2 (580 mg), vitamin B6 (410 mg), vitamin B12 (50 mg), biotin (9,330 mg), colin chloride (4,000 mg), vitamin C (2,660 mg), inositol (330 mg), para-amino benzoic acid (9,330 mg), niacin (26.60 mg), pantothenic acid (2,000 mg).
Mineral mixture (mg/kg premix): manganese (325 mg), iron (200 mg), copper (25 mg), iodine, cobalt (5 mg).
Dicalcium Phosphate, methionine, L-lysine, threonine, tryptophan (DSM in Animal Nutrition and Health, Heerlen, the Netherlands).