Table 1. Chronic inflammatory diseases in which zonulin has been linked as a biomarker of gut permeability.

Disease	Model	References
Aging	Human	37, 38
Ankylosis spondylitis	Human	39
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	Human	40
Autism	Human	41, 42
Celiac disease	Human	15– 20, 23– 27, 43– 48
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis	Human	49
Colitis – inflammatory bowel diseases	Human	50, 51
Colitis	Mouse	52
Environmental enteric dysfunction	Human	53
Gestational diabetes	Human	54, 55
Glioma	Human	56
Glioma	Cell	57
Insulin resistance	Human	58
Irritable bowel syndrome	Human	59, 60
Hyperlipidemia	Human	61
HIV	Human	62– 66
Major depressive disorders	Human	67, 68
Multiple sclerosis	Mouse	69
Multiple sclerosis	Human	70
Necrotizing enterocolitis	Rat	71
Necrotizing enterocolitis	Human	72
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	Human	73– 77
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity	Human	53, 78
Obesity	Human	79– 87
Schizophrenia	Human	41, 88, 89
Sepsis	Human	90
Type 1 diabetes	Rat	91
Type 1 diabetes	Human	92, 93
Type 2 diabetes	Human	94, 95