Table 4.

Studies reporting previous surgeon experience

	Surgeon's previous procedure experience
Reference	Robot‐assisted	Laparoscopic	Open	Approach not defined	Simulated robotic training before study
Albergotti et al.10	✘	✘	✘	?	✘
Arora et al.11	?	✘	✘	?	✘
Benizri et al.12	✘	✘	✘	✘	?
Bindal et al.13	✘	?	✘	✘	✘
Binet et al.14	✘	?	✘	✘	✘
Chang et al.16	✘	?	?	✘	✘
Dhir et al.20	✘	✘	?	✘	✘
Geller et al.24	✓	✘	✘	?	?
Good et al.25	✓	✓	✓	✘	?
Goodman et al.26	✓	✘	?	✘	✓
Guend et al.27	?	?	✘	✘	✘
Kamel et al.28	✘	?	✘	✘	✘
Kim et al.29	✘	✓	✓	✘	?
Lebeau et al.30	✘	✓	✓	✘	✘
Lopez et al.32	✓	✓	✘	✘	✘
Lovegrove et al.33	?	✘	✘	✘	✘
Meyer et al.35	✘	✓	✘	✘	✘
Odermatt et al.38	✘	✓	✘	✘	✓
Park et al.40	✘	✓	✘	✘	✘
Park et al.39	✓	✓	✓	✘	✘
Pietrabissa et al.42	✓	✘	✘	✘	✓
Pulliam et al.43	?	?	✘	✘	✘
Riikonen et al.44	✘	?	?	✘	✘
Sarkaria et al.45	✘	?	✘	✘	✘
Shakir et al.47	?	?	✘	✘	✘
Sivaraman et al.48	✘	✓	✘	✘	✘
Sood et al.49	✓	✘	✓	✘	✘
Tasian et al.50	?	✘	✘	✘	✘
Tobis et al.51	✓	✓	✘	✘	✘
van der Poel et al.52	✘	✓	✓	✘	?
Woelk et al.55	?	✘	✘	?	✘
Wolanski et al.56	✘	✓	?	✘	✓
Zhou et al.57	✘	✓	✘	✘	✘
Zureikat et al.58	✘	✘	✘	?	✘

✓, Study quantified the amount of previous experience (procedures, days of simulated training); ?, study acknowledged previous experience but did not quantify it; ✘, study did not acknowledge previous experience.