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. 2020 Jan 7;22(1):e15445. doi: 10.2196/15445

Table 3.

The number of participants experiencing (prevalence) and total burden score (mean of the frequency, severity, and distress scores) of the 5 heart failure symptoms and signs during the 30-day postdischarge assessment period (N=10).

Symptom Prevalence Total burden score
None of the days, n 1 day or more, n Every day, n 1 day or more Every day



Mean (SD) Minimum Maximum Mean (SD) Minimum Maximum
Shortness of breath 3 7 4 2.9 (0.8) 2.3 3.8 2.8 (0.5) 2.3 3.4
Difficulty breathing lying flat 4 6 1 2.4 (1.3) 1.2 4.6 2.8(-a) 2.8 2.8
Wake up breathless 5 5 1 1.6 (0.6) 1.0 2.4 2.9 (-) 2.9 2.9
Lack of energy 2 8 3 2.2 (1.3) 1.3 4.4 3.6 (1.1) 2.6 4.8
Swelling of extremities 7 3 0 1.7 (0.6) 1.1 2.3 0 (-) 0 0

aOnly 1 participant had the symptom every day.