TABLE 3.
Dietary nutrient intake in mildly hypercholesterolemic participants BT (week 1) and AT (week 8) with WAs or CB1
| WAs | CB | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | T | n/N | BT (95% CI) | AT (95% CI) | BT (95% CI) | AT (95% CI) | P value |
| Energy, kJ | L | 156/39 | 7396 (6716, 8144) | 8195 (7442, 9024) | 7363 (6687, 8108) | 8097 (7353, 8917) | 0.680 |
| Energy, kcal | L | 156/39 | 1769 (1606, 1949) | 1947 (1768, 2145) | 1749 (1588, 1927) | 1926 (1749, 2122) | 0.708 |
| Carbohydrates, g | 156/39 | 194 (174, 214) | 241 (221, 261) | 198 (178, 218) | 229 (209, 249) | 0.144 | |
| Total sugar, g | 156/39 | 91.3 (79.8, 102.9) | 119.6 (108.1, 131.2) | 84.8 (73.3, 96.4) | 122.2 (110.7, 133.8) | 0.670 | |
| Fat, g | L | 156/39 | 67.8 (59.9, 76.7) | 69.5 (61.4, 78.6) | 66.2 (58.5, 74.9) | 69.5 (61.5, 78.7) | 0.983 |
| Protein, g | L | 156/39 | 71.9 (65.8, 78.7) | 75.4 (69.0, 82.5) | 72.9 (66.6, 79.7) | 74.1 (67.8, 81.0) | 0.637 |
| Fiber (AOAC), g | 156/39 | 20.6 (18.3, 22.8) | 26.9 (24.6, 29.2) | 20.5 (18.2, 22.8) | 20.3 (18.0, 22.5) | 0.001 | |
| Total flavonoids, mg | S | 156/39 | 438 (298, 603) | 1534 (1263, 1833) | 517 (365, 696) | 426 (289, 589) | 0.001 |
Values are means (for nontransformed variables mean is equal to median) or medians (for the log- or square root-transformed variables) with (500) bootstrap 95% CIs estimated with a joint mixed-effect linear model on BT and AT data, adjusted for subject variability. The treatment effect is statistically significant when P < 0.05. AT, after treatment; BT, before treatment; CB, control beverage; n, number of observations; N, number of subjects; T, the model was built using a transformed version of the variable (L = log10, S = square root) and the values are back-transformed in the original scale for the reader's convenience; WA, whole apple.