TABLE 4.
WAs | CB | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameters | L | n/N | BT (95% CI) | AT (95% CI) | BT (95% CI) | AT (95% CI) | P value |
Cholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 55.4 (36.9, 83.2) | 41.5 (27.6, 62.3) | 38.7 (25.8, 58.2) | 49.0 (32.6, 73.6) | 0.346 |
Chenodeoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 44.4 (29.7, 66.3) | 34.0 (22.8, 50.8) | 35.2 (23.6, 52.5) | 40.0 (26.8, 59.7) | 0.344 |
Deoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 93.9 (67.4, 130.7) | 98.5 (70.7, 137.1) | 99.1 (71.2, 137.9) | 105.4 (75.7, 146.7) | 0.603 |
Lithocholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 5.9 (5.0, 6.9) | 6.1 (5.1, 7.1) | 6.1 (5.2, 7.2) | 6.4 (5.4, 7.5) | 0.523 |
Glycocholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 86.8 (64.3, 117.2) | 62.9 (46.6, 84.8) | 73.0 (54.1, 98.5) | 62.5 (46.3, 84.3) | 0.967 |
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 226.1 (164.5, 310.9) | 191.1 (139.0, 262.7) | 184.0 (133.9, 253.0) | 188.6 (137.2, 259.2) | 0.928 |
Glycodeoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 79.8 (54.0, 117.8) | 76.9 (52.1, 113.6) | 70.2 (47.6, 103.7) | 66.0 (44.7, 97.5) | 0.261 |
Glycolithocholic acid, nM | ✓ | 140/38 | 6.2 (4.7, 8.2) | 5.1 (3.9, 6.7) | 5.0 (3.8, 6.6) | 4.9 (3.7, 6.4) | 0.815 |
Glycoursodeoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 156/40 | 23.2 (15.4, 35.0) | 20.2 (13.4, 30.5) | 21.0 (13.9, 31.6) | 21.7 (14.4, 32.6) | 0.656 |
Taurocholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 12.3 (9.0, 16.8) | 9.4 (6.9, 12.8) | 10.4 (7.6, 14.2) | 9.3 (6.8, 12.7) | 0.959 |
Taurochenodeoxycholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 25.8 (18.6, 35.6) | 22.1 (16.0, 30.5) | 23.8 (17.2, 32.9) | 22.6 (16.4, 31.3) | 0.847 |
Taurodeoxycholic.acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 13.8 (9.8, 19.4) | 12.5 (8.9, 17.5) | 12.2 (8.7, 17.2) | 11.2 (8.0, 15.7) | 0.424 |
Taurolithocholic acid, nM | ✓ | 160/40 | 2.3 (2.1, 2.7) | 2.3 (2.0, 2.6) | 2.2 (2.0, 2.5) | 2.1 (1.8, 2.3) | 0.235 |
Values are means (for nontransformed variables mean is equal to median) or medians (for the log-transformed variables) with (500) bootstrap 95% CIs estimated with a joint mixed-effect linear model on BT and AT data, adjusted for subject variability. AT, after treatment; BT, before treatment; CB, control beverage; L, the model was built using the log10-transformed variable and the values are back-transformed in the original scale for the reader's convenience; n, number of observations; N, number of subjects; WA, whole apple.