TABLE 1.
Characteristics and dietary intakes of PopGen participants by sex1
| Variable | Male (n = 368) | Female (n = 250) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 61.5 ± 11.1 | 60.8 ± 12.7 | 0.47 |
| Physical activity, MET/wk | 98.1 ± 65.5 | 116 ± 61.1 | <0.01 |
| Current smoker (yes) | 39 (54.2) | 33 (45.8) | <0.01 |
| Vitamin supplement use (yes) | 109 (44.3) | 137 (55.7) | <0.01 |
| SAT, dm3 | 8.8 ± 3.7 | 11.4 ± 5.4 | <0.01 |
| VAT, dm3 | 5.0 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| SAT:VAT ratio | 0.84 ± 0.27 | 0.38 ± 0.13 | <0.01 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 ± 3.8 | 26.8 ± 5.2 | 0.08 |
| Height, cm | 178 ± 7.2 | 163 ± 7.3 | <0.01 |
| Total flavonoids, mg/d | 751 ± 688 | 786 ± 652 | 0.52 |
| Flavanones, mg/d | 24.0 ± 29.9 | 19.9 ± 19.9 | 0.06 |
| Anthocyanins, mg/d | 39.0 ± 36.1 | 44.5 ± 46.0 | 0.10 |
| Flavan-3-ols, mg/d | 221 ± 329 | 230 ± 309 | 0.72 |
| Flavonols, mg/d | 32.8 ± 25.9 | 30.8 ± 23.1 | 0.32 |
| Flavones, mg/d | 4.8 ± 3.3 | 4.3 ± 3.4 | 0.09 |
| Polymers, mg/d | 430 ± 355 | 456 ± 331 | 0.34 |
| Proanthocyanidins, mg/d | 543 ± 446 | 586 ± 445 | 0.24 |
| Energy, kcal/d | 2519 ± 690 | 1967 ± 507 | <0.01 |
| PUFAs, g/d | 19.6 ± 6.7 | 15.7 ± 4.9 | <0.01 |
| SFAs, g/d | 44.7 ± 14.2 | 35.0 ± 10.8 | <0.01 |
| MUFAs, g/d | 39.9 ± 11.7 | 30.4 ± 8.9 | <0.01 |
| Fiber, g/d | 23.3 ± 7.5 | 21.5 ± 6.1 | <0.01 |
| Alcohol, g/d | 20.0 ± 22.6 | 9.7 ± 11.8 | <0.01 |
| Carbonated drinks, freq/d | 0.37 ± 0.92 | 0.33 ± 0.80 | 0.58 |
| Ratio of energy intake to EER, % | 93.0 ± 27.1 | 98.2 ± 27.9 | 0.02 |
1
n = 618. Values are mean ± SD or n (%). P values are for the differences between men and women calculated from independent t tests for continuous data and chi-squared tests for categorical data. EER, estimated energy requirement; MET, metabolic equivalent; SAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; VAT, visceral abdominal adipose tissue.