Table 3.

Multivariate logistic regression results for risk of autonomic nervous parameters in DM patients

Variable	Adjusted gender, age		Adjusted gender, age, CAD
	Beta-blockers		Beta-blockers, hypertension
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
HRR1 (bpm)	1.055 (1.022–1.088)	0.001	1.052 (1.018–1.086)	0.002
HRR2 (bpm)	1.068 (1.040–1.096)	0.000	1.066 (1.037–1.095)	0.000
HRR3 (bpm)	1.066 (1.037–1.095)	0.000	1.064 (1.035–1.093)	0.000
HRR4 (bpm)	1.067 (1.038–1.096)	0.000	1.066 (1.036–1.095)	0.000
HRR5 (bpm)	1.049 (1.022–1.076)	0.000	1.047 (1.020–1.074)	0.001
SDNN (ms)	1.024 (1.014–1.034)	0.000	1.024 (1.014–1.033)	0.000
SDANN (ms)	1.021 (1.021–1.031)	0.000	1.021 (1.012–1.031)	0.000
rMSSD (ms)	1.042 (1.016–1.067)	0.001	1.043 (1.017–1.070)	0.001
pNN50 (%)	1.048 (1.012–1.087)	0.009	1.052 (1.015–1.091)	0.006
VLF (ms)	1.121 (1.076–1.166)	0.000	1.121(1.076–1.167)	0.000
LF (ms)	1.099 (1.050–1.149)	0.000	1.099(1.050–1.149)	0.000
HF (ms)	1.105 (1.043–1.171)	0.001	1.109(1.045–1.176)	0.001

DM diabetes mellitus, CAD coronary artery disease, OR odds ratio, Cl confidence interval, HRRn heart rate recovery at n minute post-exercise, SDNN standard deviation of NN intervals, SDANN standard deviation of all 5-min average NN intervals, rMSSD square root of mean of the sum of squares of successive NN interval differences, pNN50 number of successive NN interval differing by > 50 ms divided by the total number of successive NN intervals, VLF very low frequency, LF low frequency, HF high frequency