Table 2.
Association of MPA and VPA with incident type 2 diabetesa (N = 9987)
Activity level | Diabetes incidence (n cases/N total) | Unadjusted | Adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioural variablesb | Additionally adjusted for BMI | Fully adjustedc | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | ||
MPA | |||||||||
0 h/week | 381/1894 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
1 h/week | 286/2112 | 0.54 (0.46, 0.63)* | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.69, 0.96)* | 0.012 | 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) | 0.070 | 0.87 (0.73, 1.03) | 0.110 |
2 h/week | 340/2145 | 0.65 (0.56, 0.75)* | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.83, 1.13) | 0.641 | 1.01 (0.85, 1.18) | 0.949 | 1.01 (0.84, 1.23) | 0.928 |
3–4 h/week | 283/1988 | 0.58 (0.49, 0.67)* | <0.001 | 0.84 (0.72, 0.99)* | 0.038 | 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) | 0.071 | 0.86 (0.72, 1.02) | 0.089 |
≥5 h/week | 263/1848 | 0.57 (0.49, 0.67)* | <0.001 | 0.82 (0.69, 0.97)* | 0.021 | 0.84 (0.71, 1.00) | 0.051 | 0.84 (0.70, 1.00) | 0.054 |
VPA | |||||||||
0 h/week | 981/5688 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
1 h/week | 302/2207 | 0.66 (0.58, 0.75)* | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.76, 1.00)* | 0.048 | 0.92 (0.80, 1.05) | 0.215 | 0.93 (0.81, 1.07) | 0.294 |
≥2 h/week | 270/2092 | 0.63 (0.55, 0.72)* | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.70, 0.93)* | 0.004 | 0.85 (0.73, 0.98)* | 0.022 | 0.86 (0.74, 0.99)* | 0.037 |
Physically inactive vs actived | |||||||||
Inactive (no MVPA) | 339/1607 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Active (any MVPA) | 1214/8380 | 0.54 (0.48, 0.61)* | <0.001 | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91)* | 0.001 | 0.85 (0.74, 0.96)* | 0.012 | 0.85 (0.75, 0.97)* | 0.018 |
Following physical activity recommendationse | |||||||||
No | 777/4613 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 776/5374 | 0.77 (0.70, 0.85)* | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.81, 1.00)* | 0.049 | 0.90 (0.82, 1.00) | 0.059 | 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) | 0.062 |
Data are presented as HR (95% CI) for mean follow-up of 27.1 (SD 6.3) years
MPA, moderate intensity physical activity; VPA, vigorous intensity activity
aUsing interval-censored, illness–death model
bAdjusted for age (as time-scale), sex, ethnicity, marital status, education, occupational position, smoking status, alcohol consumption, fruits and vegetables intake and mutual adjustment for MPA and VPA in analysis on these variables
cAdditionally adjusted for hypertension, total cholesterol, CVD drugs and prevalent CVD
dInactive, 0 h/week of MVPA; active, >0 h/week of MVPA
eNo, <3 h/week of MVPA and <2 h/week of VPA; yes, ≥3 h/week of MVPA or ≥2 h/week of VPA
*p < 0.05 (all exact p values presented to account for multiple testing)