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. 2020 Feb 3;11(2):87. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-2275-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 1 — a Macroautophagy: a process where cytoplasmic content is sequestrated in the double-membrane autophagosome and fused with lysozyme or vacuole for degradation. The process starts with preautophagosomal structure (PAS) which is elongated for matured autophagosome; b Microautophagy: a process which is involved in a direct uptake or engulfment of cytoplasmic content into the lysosome for lysis; c Chaperone-mediated autophagy: chaperone-dependent cytosolic proteins, along with damaged or malfunctioning proteins, will be guided from cytosol into lysosomes via lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) for degradation.