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. 2019 Dec 31;12:11793–11804. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S235948

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© 2019 Yang et al.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

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Schematic illustration of EBV-encoded products participating in NPC development. Normal epithelial cells being infected with EBV generate genetic changes, and become precancerous lesions. EBV infection produces LMP1, LMP2, EBNA1, BART-miRNA, EBERs, and BARF1. These EBV-products further induce precancerous lesions and dysplastic lesions, and finally result in carcinoma. These virus-products also promote tumor metastasis.

Abbreviations: BARF1, BamHI-A rightward frame 1; EBER, Epstein-Barr-Encoded-RNA; EBNA1, EBV nuclear antigen 1; EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; LMP, latent membrane protein.