Fig. 1.

Identifying descriptive marker genes from in vitro exposure studies. a Venn diagram of up- and downregulated genes (|fold change| > 1.5, false discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05) following exposure to the aqueous extract of 3R4F smoke at a concentration of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 cigarettes/L. b Hierarchical clustering analysis with time-independently differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (false discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05) following exposure to each test substance. The orange box denotes up- or downregulated gene clusters. c Venn diagram of up- and down-regulated DEGs derived from (a) cigarette smoke exposure studies and (b) test substances exposure studies. Identified 15 descriptive genes is summarized in the right table of the Venn diagram. Cig, cigarettes