Table 3.
Parameters estimate and its standard error of the items showing DIF when each country was considered as the reference group
| Social phobia | Major depression | Separation anxiety | Generalised anxiety | Obsessive-compulsive | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item 12 | Item 32 | Item 19 | Item 47 | Item 9 | Item 46 | Item 1 | Item 13 | Item 10 | Item 42 | ||
| Reference country | Focal countries | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) | β(s.e.) |
| Serbia | Indonesia | – | – | −0.703(0.07) | – | – | 0.843(0.067) | – | – | – | – |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.626(0.05) | 0.853(0.059) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.303(00.18) | |
| Nigeria | Serbia | – | – | – | – | −0.397(0.06) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Indonesia | – | – | −0.661(0.068) | – | – | – | −0.645(0.064) | – | – | – | |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.636(0.052) | – | – | – | – | – | 0.292(0.021) | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Brazil | – | – | – | – | – | −0.226(0.016) | – | – | – | – | |
| Indonesia | Serbia | – | – | – | – | −0.634(0.054) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Croatia | – | – | – | – | – | 0.536(0.05) | – | – | – | ||
| Montenegro | – | – | – | – | −0.256(0.025) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.264(0.024) | ||
| Bulgaria | Indonesia | – | – | −0.647(0.046) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.568(0.051) | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.272(0.025) | |
| Croatia | Nigeria | −0.968(0.085) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Indonesia | – | – | −0.765(0.067) | – | 0.787(0.06) | – | −0.798(0.064) | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.293(0.023) | |
| Palestine-Gaza | Nigeria | −0.869(0.084) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Indonesia | – | – | −0.691(0.062) | – | 0.618(0.059) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Croatia | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.744(0.053) | – | – | – | |
| Romaine | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.275(0.024) | |
| Montenegro | Indonesia | – | – | −0.713(0.064) | – | 0.642(0.056) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.536(0.052) | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.294(0.022) | ||
| Romania | Serbia | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.970(0.017) | – | – | – |
| Indonesia | – | 0.856(0.062) | – | – | – | – | – | −0.952(0.082) | – | – | |
| Bulgaria | – | – | – | 0.908(0.049) | – | – | – | – | 0.842(0.051) | – | |
| Montenegro | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.345(0.035) | – | – | – | |
| Portugal | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.363(0.029) | – | – | – | |
| Brazil | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.271(0.015) | – | – | – | |
| Portugal | Nigeria | −0.854(0.083) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.545(0.048) | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.179(0.01) | |
| Brazil | Nigeria | −0.906(0.084) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Indonesia | – | – | – | – | 0.612(0.057) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Croatia | – | – | – | −0.541(0.051) | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Romania | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.168(0.001) | |
| Portugal | −0.210(0.022) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |