Table 3.
Characteristics of the study samples in the three departments of mental health
| NW (N = 93) | NE (N = 264) | SO (N = 101) | Missing data, n (%) | ANOVA or χ2 test, p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (% M) | 66.7 | 56.7 | 51.5 | 1 (0.2%) | 0.092 |
| Age (mean ± s.d.) | 43.1 ± 10.3 | 46.1 ± 10.8 | 45.8 ± 10.4 | 7 (1.5%) | 0.065 |
| Education (%) | 26 (5.7%) | 0.042 | |||
| Primary school | 17.6 | 11.6 | 21.2 | ||
| Secondary school | 57.1 | 49.6 | 41.4 | ||
| High school | 23.1 | 30.6 | 32.3 | ||
| University | 2.2 | 8.3 | 5.1 | ||
| Living arrangement (%) | 4 (0.9%) | 0.003 | |||
| Alone | 8.6 | 26.0 | 23.2 | ||
| Original family | 41.9 | 35.5 | 45.5 | ||
| Own's family | 24.7 | 23.7 | 14.1 | ||
| Community | 23.7 | 12.6 | 17.2 | ||
| Other | 1.1 | 2.3 | 0.0 | ||
| Working status (%) | 5 (1.1%) | 0.001 | |||
| Professional/executive | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | ||
| Employee (high-level) | 2.2 | 4.2 | 0.0 | ||
| Self-employed | 3.2 | 6.1 | 1.0 | ||
| Employee (low-level) | 12.9 | 13.4 | 4.0 | ||
| Temporary worker | 8.6 | 17.2 | 18.2 | ||
| Unemployed | 26.9 | 11.1 | 19.2 | ||
| Not working | 46.2 | 46.7 | 57.6 | ||
| Illness duration (mean ± s.d.) | 14.5 ± 8.8 | 14.6 ± 10.1 | 16.7 ± 10.3 | 42 (9.2%) | 0.186 |
| Time in contact with mental health services (mean ± s.d.) | 13.6 ± 8.8 | 13.6 ± 9.5 | 15.6 ± 10.2 | 36 (7.9%) | 0.203 |
| Alcohol use (%) | 7.7 | 6.3 | 10.3 | 15 (3.3%) | 0.455 |
| Substance use (%) | 4.4 | 3.2 | 8.2 | 15 (3.3%) | 0.127 |
| Social network (%) | 8 (1.7%) | 0.039 | |||
| No relations other than family | 8.6 | 2.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Minimum | 49.5 | 52.3 | 57.4 | ||
| Intermediate | 39.8 | 41.4 | 37.6 | ||
| Wide | 2.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | ||
| Participation in community life (%) | 11 (2.4%) | 0.606 | |||
| No contacts | 26.9 | 20.2 | 15.8 | ||
| Few | 45.2 | 51.4 | 50.5 | ||
| Several | 26.9 | 26.5 | 31.7 | ||
| Active participation | 1.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | ||
| Functioning (mean ± s.d.) | 47.3 ± 14.1 | 55.9 ± 16.6 | 53.7 ± 13.3 | − | <0.001 |
NE, North-East; SO, South; NW, North-West.
ANOVA was used for continuous variables (age, illness duration, time in contact with MHS, functioning); χ2 test for categorical variables (gender, education, living arrangement, working status, alcohol use, substance use, social network, participation in community life).