Table 1.
Maternal characteristics (n = 3634)
| Variable | N | (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Country of birth | ||
| Italy | 3505 | (96.5) |
| Other country | 129 | (3.5) |
| Age at childbirth (years) | ||
| <30 | 681 | (18.7) |
| 30–34 | 1575 | (43.3) |
| 35+ | 1378 | (37.9) |
| Maternal educationa | ||
| Low | 1322 | (36.5) |
| High | 2299 | (63.5) |
| Missing | 13 | |
| Smoking during pregnancy | ||
| No | 3352 | (92.4) |
| Yes | 277 | (7.6) |
| Missing | 5 | |
| Alcohol consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy | ||
| ≤6 drinks/week | 3315 | (93.6) |
| at least 1 drink/day | 225 | (6.4) |
| Missing | 94 | |
| Anxiety | ||
| Never | 3311 | (91.1) |
| Lifetime diagnosis | 323 | (8.9) |
| Pre-pregnancy | 91 | (2.5) |
| During pregnancy | 232 | (6.4) |
| Depression | ||
| Never | 3490 | (96.2) |
| Lifetime diagnosis | 139 | (3.8) |
| Pre-pregnancy | 70 | (1.9) |
| During pregnancy | 69 | (1.9) |
| Missing | 5 | |
| Sleep disorders | ||
| Never | 3567 | (98.3) |
| Lifetime diagnosis | 61 | (1.7) |
| Pre-pregnancy | 20 | (0.6) |
| During pregnancyb | 41 | (1.1) |
| Missing | 6 | |
| Anxiety and/or depression and/or sleep disorders before or during pregnancy | ||
| Never | 3225 | (88.9) |
| At least one condition | 402 | (11.1) |
| Missing | 7 | |
a
High – University degree, Low – other.
b
Sleep disorders during pregnancy do not include the third trimester exposures.