Table 2.
Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia stratified by gender in Taiwan, 2000–2010 (n = 32 731)
| Male (n = 17971) | Female (n = 14760) | Total (n = 32731) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Site of cancer (modified ICD-9-CM) | Observed n | SIRa (95% CI) | p | Observed n | SIRa (95% CI) | p | Observed n | SIRb (95% CI) | p |
| Total (140–208) | 230 | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) | 0.503 | 284 | 1.25 (1.12–1.41) | <0.001 | 514 | 1.15** (1.06–1.26) | 0.001 |
| Buccal cavity (140–149) | 54 | 0.88 (0.67–1.15) | 0.348 | 8 | 1.01 (0.50–2.01) | 0.983 | 62 | 0.89 (0.70–1.15) | 0.381 |
| Oesophagus (150) | 15 | 1.55 (0.93–2.57) | 0.087 | 1 | 1.53 (0.22–10.92) | 0.664 | 16 | 1.55 (0.95–2.53) | 0.078 |
| Colorectal cancer (153–154) | 35 | 1.48* (1.06–2.06) | 0.019 | 20 | 0.93 (0.60–1.44) | 0.732 | 55 | 1.22 (0.93–1.58) | 0.146 |
| Liver(155) | 44 | 1.04 (0.77–1.39) | 0.808 | 14 | 1.26 (0.75–2.13) | 0.388 | 58 | 1.08 (0.84–1.40) | 0.542 |
| Larynx (161) | 4 | 1.56 (0.58–4.15) | 0.372 | 0 | 0.00 | – | 4 | 1.09 (0.41–2.90) | 0.863 |
| Lung (162) | 17 | 1.06 (0.66–1.70) | 0.811 | 8 | 0.59 (0.29–1.18) | 0.129 | 25 | 0.84 (0.57–1.25) | 0.395 |
| Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (160) | 1 | 1.01 (0.14–7.17) | 0.992 | 1 | 2.11 (0.30–15.10) | 0.440 | 2 | 1.37 (0.34–5.48) | 0.655 |
| Pancreas (157) | 5 | 1.74 (0.73–4.18) | 0.209 | 4 | 2.00 (0.75–5.33) | 0.157 | 9 | 1.85 (0.96–3.55) | 0.061 |
| Stomach (151) | 7 | 0.85 (0.41–1.79) | 0.675 | 11 | 1.61 (0.89–2.90) | 0.113 | 18 | 1.20 (0.75–1.90) | 0.447 |
| Kidney (189) | 3 | 1.04 (0.34–3.23) | 0.944 | 4 | 2.56 (0.96–6.83) | 0.051 | 7 | 1.58 (0.75–3.31) | 0.224 |
| Bladder (188) | 7 | 1.71 (0.82–3.59) | 0.150 | 5 | 2.94* (1.22–7.07) | 0.011 | 12 | 2.07** (1.18–3.65) | 0.010 |
| Skin cancer (172–173) | 5 | 0.95 (0.39–2.28) | 0.906 | 2 | 0.46 (0.12–1.85) | 0.264 | 7 | 0.73 (0.35–1.53) | 0.403 |
| Brain tumour (191) | 4 | 1.35 (0.51–3.60) | 0.546 | 4 | 2.03 (0.76–5.38) | 0.151 | 8 | 1.62 (0.81–3.24) | 0.167 |
| Thyroid cancer (193) | 2 | 0.53 (0.13–2.13) | 0.366 | 11 | 0.96 (0.53–1.74) | 0.903 | 13 | 0.86 (0.50–1.48) | 0.577 |
| Other and unspecified sites | 21 | 0.63* (0.41–0.96) | 0.032 | 58 | 1.43** (1.11–1.86) | 0.006 | 79 | 1.07 (0.86–1.33) | 0.544 |
| Myeloid leukaemia (205) | 6 | – | – | 4 | – | – | 10 | – | – |
| Breast (174), women only | – | – | – | 105 | 1.47** (1.22–1.78) | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| Cervical cancer (180), women only | – | – | – | 24 | 0.85 (0.57–1.26) | 0.415 | – | – | – |
a
SIR: observed number of cases/expected number of cases; the expected numbers of cancer were computed by multiplying the number in the study cohort by the national cancer incidence rate (age standardisation used the strata in Table 1).
b
Age- and gender-SIRs.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.