Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of mothers with antenatal depression and without antenatal depression in the intervention and control conditions
| Antenatally depressed mothers EPDS > 13 (N = 433) | Not depressed mothers EPDS ≤ 13 (N = 805) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PIP (n = 238) | SC (n = 195) | PIP (n = 406) | SC (n = 399) | |||||
| n | % | N | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Age, mean (s.d.) | 26.0 (5.4) | 26.1 (5.2) | 26.7 (5.6) | 26.4 (5.8) | ||||
| Highest education level, mean (s.d.) | 10.2 (2.0) | 10.0 (1.9) | 10.5 (1.8) | 10.5 (1.8) | ||||
| Married or lives with partner | 124 | 52.1 | 98 | 50.3 | 253 | 62.3 | 226 | 56.6 |
| Ever Employed* | 37 | 15.5 | 33 | 16.9 | 92 | 22.7 | 71 | 17.8 |
| Monthly household income > 2000 rand | 80 | 36.4 | 72 | 37.7 | 200 | 50.8 | 207 | 53.2 |
| Formal housing† | 61 | 25.6 | 66 | 33.8 | 136 | 33.5 | 125 | 31.3 |
| Water on site | 116 | 48.7 | 107 | 54.9 | 217 | 53.4 | 220 | 55.1 |
| Flush toilet | 122 | 51.3 | 111 | 56.9 | 218 | 53.7 | 232 | 58.1 |
| Electricity | 197 | 82.8 | 172 | 88.2 | 372 | 91.6 | 371 | 93.0 |
| Mother hungry, past week | 139 | 58.4 | 123 | 63.1 | 173 | 42.6 | 178 | 44.6 |
| Children hungry, past week | 81 | 34.0 | 80 | 41.0 | 94 | 23.2 | 105 | 26.3 |
| Weeks pregnant at assessment, mean (s.d.) | 26.5 (7.8) | 25.6 (9.0) | 25.8 (8.0) | 25.9 (8.0) | ||||
| Non-primipara | 156 | 65.5 | 133 | 68.2 | 266 | 65.5 | 261 | 65.4 |
| Number of live births, mean (s.d.)* | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.6 (1.1) | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.7 (1.2) | ||||
| Antenatal clinic appointment | 183 | 76.9 | 133 | 73.5 | 321 | 79.1 | 243 | 76.2 |
| Tested for TB, lifetime | 70 | 29.4 | 69 | 35.4 | 136 | 33.5 | 141 | 35.3 |
| Tested positive for TB, lifetime | 23 | 9.7 | 23 | 12.4 | 30 | 7.4 | 27 | 7.8 |
| Sexual partner, past 3 months | 208 | 87.4 | 168 | 86.2 | 372 | 91.6 | 354 | 88.7 |
| Knowledge of partner serostatus | ||||||||
| Partner HIV+ | 16 | 7.7 | 10 | 6.0 | 30 | 8.1 | 40 | 11.3 |
| Partner HIV− | 92 | 44.2 | 69 | 41.1 | 233 | 62.6 | 227 | 64.1 |
| Unknown, or no response | 100 | 48.1 | 89 | 53.0 | 109 | 29.3 | 87 | 24.6 |
| Request partner HIV test | 115 | 80.4 | 89 | 81.7 | 276 | 83.4 | 266 | 83.6 |
| Mother living with HIV | 59 | 27.4 | 54 | 30.5 | 90 | 24.4 | 92 | 24.9 |
| Number of people disclosed to, mean (s.d.) | 3.9 (4.6) | 4.5 (5.7) | 3.7 (4.5) | 5.3 (7.9) | ||||
| Current sexual partner, past 3 months | 48 | 81.4 | 45 | 83.3 | 79 | 87.8 | 80 | 87.0 |
| Disclosed to partner | 39 | 73.6 | 37 | 82.2 | 60 | 74.1 | 68 | 82.9 |
| Knowledge of partner status* | ||||||||
| Partner HIV+ | 13 | 27.1 | 10 | 22.2 | 29 | 36.7 | 40 | 50.0 |
| Partner HIV− | 6 | 12.5 | 6 | 13.3 | 7 | 8.9 | 11 | 13.8 |
| Unknown, or no response | 29 | 60.4 | 29 | 64.4 | 43 | 54.4 | 29 | 36.3 |
| Drank any alcohol, month prior to pregnancy discovery | 67 | 28.2 | 59 | 32.6 | 88 | 21.7 | 70 | 21.9 |
| AUDIT-C > 2, month prior to pregnancy discovery | 52 | 21.8 | 46 | 25.4 | 61 | 15.0 | 55 | 17.2 |
| Drank any alcohol after pregnancy discovery | 30 | 12.6 | 20 | 11.0 | 26 | 6.4 | 29 | 9.1 |
| AUDIT-C > 2, after pregnancy discovery | 24 | 10.1 | 11 | 6.1 | 17 | 4.2 | 13 | 4.1 |
| Drank any alcohol, anytime during pregnancy | 76 | 31.9 | 66 | 33.8 | 96 | 23.6 | 88 | 22.1 |
| Previous LBW infants, among non-primiparous mothers | 28 | 17.9 | 26 | 19.5 | 33 | 12.4 | 43 | 16.5 |
*
Not depressed mothers: p < 0.10.
†
Antenatally depressed mothers: p < 0.10.