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. 2019 Jun 23;16(3):548–561. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1632104

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

GlcN promotes HBV replication and HBsAg expression. (A) PHHs infected with HBV virions (multiplicity of infection [MOI] = 30) were treated with 5 mM GlcN, ManN, or GalN and harvested after 48 h. (B) HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with 5 mM GlcN, ManN, or GalN for 48 h. HBsAg and HBeAg from culture supernatants and intracellular HBsAg from cell lysates were quantified by CMIA. (C) Cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay at 0, 24, 48, or 72 h after treatment with GlcN at different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 mM). (D–E) HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with 0, 1, 2, or 5 mM GlcN for 48 h. (E) Encapsidated HBV replicative intermediates were detected by Southern blotting. The levels of HBV genomes in culture supernatants were determined by qPCR. (F) HBV RNA levels in HepG2.2.15 cells were analyzed by northern blotting. S:CO, signal to cutoff ratio; RC, relaxed circular DNA; SS, single-stranded DNA. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ns, not significant.