Figure 1.

Early life events and the development of the infant gut microbiota. Early life represents a particularly vulnerable period for the infant gut microbiome because it is highly responsive to numerous factors. In addition to genetics, prenatal influences (maternal nutrition, stress, overall health), mode of delivery, early life nutrition (breastfeeding, formula feeding), physical and psychological environment, and antibiotic use all influence the infant gut microbiome. Modified from Borre et al.¹³⁵