Table 1. Socio-demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of severely malnourished under-five children at an urban hospital in Bangladesh.
| Baseline Characteristics | Case (N = 360) | Control (N = 334) | *p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
| Male | 224 | 62 | 203 | 61 | 0.696 |
| Age in months, median (IQR) | 8 | (5–13) | 11 | (6–18) | 0.001 |
| Maternal education in years | |||||
| No formal | 84 | (23) | 76 | (24) | 0.425 |
| 1–5 years | 135 | (38) | 108 | (32) | |
| 6–10 years | 108 | (30) | 117 | (35) | |
| > = 11 years | 33 | (9) | 33 | (10) | |
| Working mother | 43 | (12) | 44 | (13) | 0.623 |
| Exclusively breast fed | 75 | (21) | 57 | (17) | 0.207 |
| Congenital Heart Disease | 62 | (17) | 2 | (1) | <0.001 |
| Weight for age Z-score (mean ± SD) | -4.31±0.73 | -4.13±1.11 | 0.010 | ||
| Weight for height Z-score (mean ± SD) | -2.93±1.40 | -3.02±1.04 | 0.357 | ||
| BCG vaccine | 313 | (87) | 298 | (89) | 0.853 |
| Received age appropriate PCV | 134 | (37) | 204 | (61) | <0.001 |
| Received age appropriate pentavalent vaccine | 227 | (63) | 238 | (71) | 0.085 |
| History of RTI among family members in last 14 days | 71 | (20) | 54 | (16) | 0.223 |
| Cook in bedroom | 6 | (2) | 7 | (2) | 0.677 |
| Slum dweller | 43 | (12) | 33 | (10) | 0.384 |
| Low socioeconomic status | 228 | (64) | 207 | (63) | 0.872 |
| Exposure to cigarette smoke at home | 229 | (64) | 187 | (56) | 0.041 |
| First symptom onset on admission in days, median (IQR) | 6 | (4–8) | 4 | (3–5) | <0.001 |
| Received antibiotic before hospitalization | 190 | (54) | 98 | (32) | <0.001 |
| Fever on admission (≥38°C) | 197 | (55) | 47 | (14) | <0.001 |
| Duration of fever on admission (days) | 3 | (2–5) | 3 | (1–4) | 0.053 |
| Diarrhoea | 274 | (76) | 334 | (100) | <0.001 |
*; Chi-square test