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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 5.

Published in final edited form as: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019 Aug 5;28(3):365–374. doi: 10.1037/pha0000317

Table 1.

Mean (SEM) Response and Reinforcer Rates from each Phase of Experiment 1.

	Group

	Alternative + Punishment			Punishment Control

	Phase 1^a	Phase 2^b	Phase 3^c	Phase 1^a	Phase 2^b	Phase 3^c

Target/Min	4.44	0.20	1.49	4.89	0.93	0.88
	(1.35)	(0.08)	(0.31)	(1.31)	(0.51)	(0.45)
Alt./Min	-	59.63	9.30	-	0.10	0.03
	-	(12.57)	(0.43)	-	(0.04)	(0.01)
Inactive/Min	0.19	0.57	0.48	0.39	1.27	1.49
	(0.09)	(0.24)	(0.04)	(0.11)	(0.69)	(106)
Infusions/Min	0.26	0.004	-	0.24	0.05	-
	(0.06)	(0.004)	-	(0.06)	(0.03)	-
Cocaine mg/kg	3.20	0.06	-	3.95	0.70	-
	(0.91)	(0.06)	-	(0.91)	(0.46)	-
Foods/Min	-	3.44	-	-	-	-
	-	(0.22)	-	-	-	-
Shocks/Min	-	0.11	-	-	0.43	-
	-	(0.04)	-	-	(0.24)	-

^a

Data averaged across the last three sessions of Phase 1 are shown,

^b

Data from the last session of Phase 2 are shown,

^c

Data from the first session of Phase 3 are shown.