Table 5.

Univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis for pDDIs.

Variables	Univariable				Multivariable
	Coefficient B	95% CI	p value	Std β	Coefficient B	95% CI	p value	Std β
Age	0.048	0.028-0.067	< 0.001	0.171	–	–	–	–
Education	−0.288	−0.445 to −0.130	< 0.001	−0.126	−0.212	−0.359 to −0.065	0.005	−0.093
BMI	0.023	−0.012 to 0.058	0.197	0.046	–	–	–	–
Hypertension	1.914	1.299-2.529	< 0.001	0.211	0.857	0.239–1.475	0.007	0.094
Diabetes	1.054	0.615-1.492	< 0.001	0.165	0.867	0.439–1.295	< 0.001	0.136
IHD	1.164	0.749–1.579	< 0.001	0.191	0.610	0.185–1.036	0.005	0.101
Dyslipidemia	1.141	0.732–1.551	< 0.001	0.190	0.432	0.009–0.855	0.045	0.072
Heart Failure	1.734	1.176–2.293	< 0.001	0.211	1.346	0.794–1.898	< 0.001	0.164
CKD	2.244	1.463–3.025	< 0.001	0.196	1.863	1.108–2.617	< 0.001	0.162
Asthma	−0.934	−1.502 to −0.359	0.001	−0.112	–	–	–	–
COPD	1.475	0.112–2.838	0.034	0.075	2.076	0.792–3.361	0.002	0.104
Gout	1.679	0.828–2.531	< 0.001	0.136	1.262	0.442–2.082	0.003	0.103

Std: standard; IHD: ischemic heart disease; BMI; body mass index; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.