Fig. 4.

MSCs reverse β cell dedifferentiation of hT2DM islets. (A) Immunofluorescence of FOXO1 (red), Insulin (Ins, green) and DAPI (blue) in hT2DM islets treated with MSCs coculture. (B) The amplified images of the white rectangle in (A), with white arrows showing the FOXO1⁻Ins⁺ cells. (C) FOXO1⁺Ins⁺ and FOXO1⁻Ins⁻ cells percentage per islet. (D) Immunofluorescence with ALDH1A3 (red), Insulin (Ins, green) and DAPI (blue) hT2DM islets treated with MSCs coculture. (E) The amplified images of the white rectangle in (A), with white arrows showing the ALDH1A3⁺Ins⁺ cells. (F) ALDH1A3⁺Ins⁺ and ALDH1A⁻Ins⁺ cells percentage per islet. (G&H) Immunofluorescence with NKX6.1 (red) (G) or PDX1 (red) (H), Insulin (Ins, green) and DAPI (blue) of hT2DM islets with or without MSCs coculture. (I) Quantification of NKX6.1^cyt and NKX6.1^nuIns⁺ cells percentage per islet. (J) Quantification of PDX1^cyt and PDX1^nuIns⁺ cells percentage per islet. Scale bars=20 μm. Data were shown as mean±SEM of 45–60 islets from 3–4 donors (at least 15 islets per donor). ^cyt: cytoplasmic expression, ^nu: nucleic expression, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.