Table 3.

Risk of bias assessment.

Study	Random sequence generation	Allocation concealment	Blinding of participants and personnel	Blinding of outcome assessment	Incomplete outcome data	Selective reporting	Anything else, ideally prespecified
Gainnier, 2004	Low risk of bias computer-generated	Low risk of bias Centralized	High risk of bias Nurses aware of assignment	High risk of bias Analyst aware of assignment	Low risk of bias outcome data complete	Low risk of bias None	Low risk of bias None
Forel, 2006	Low risk of bias computer-generated	Low risk of bias Centralized	High risk of bias Nurses aware of assignment	High risk of bias Evaluators aware of assignment	Low risk of bias outcome data complete	Low risk of bias None	Low risk of bias None
Papazian, 2010	Low risk of bias computer-generated	Low risk of bias Centralized	Low risk of bias Blinding of all participants	Low risk of bias Blinding of evaluators	Low risk of bias outcome data complete	Low risk of bias None	Low risk of bias None
Guervilly, 2017	Low risk of bias computer-generated	unclear risk of bias	unclear risk of bias	unclear risk of bias	Low risk of bias outcome data complete	Low risk of bias None	Low risk of bias None
Moss, 2019	Low risk of bias computer-generated	Low risk of bias Centralized	High risk of bias Participants aware of assignment	High risk of bias Evaluators aware of assignment	Low risk of bias outcome data complete	Low risk of bias None	Low risk of bias None