. 2020 Feb 4;10:1759. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58576-5

Table 1.

Selected physico-chemical properties of soil.

Properties	Site X		Site Y		Site Z
Properties	Recl	Ref	Recl	Ref.	Recl	Ref
pH	4.41 ± 0.07^a	4.52 ± 0.79^a	5.86 ± 0.25^b	7.22 ± 0.22^a	5.36 ± 0.35^a	5.19 ± 0.74^a
Moisture (%)	0.56 ± 0.10^a	4.52 ± 6.29^a	1.37 ± 0.29^b	2.65 ± 0.01^a	1.06 ± 0.23^a	0.68 ± 0.08^b
OM (%)	3.77 ± 1.31^a	5.10 ± 1.91^a	3.84 ± 0.77^a	9.07 ± 3.85^a	3.18 ± 0.47^a	4.20 ± 1.11^a
BD (g cm⁻³)	1.79 ± 0.06^a	1.45 ± 0.10^b	1.88 ± 0.03^a	1.68 ± 0.09^b	1.76 ± 0.18^a	1.37 ± 0.19^b
EC (mS m⁻¹)	4.01 ± 0.63^a	4.59 ± 1.89^a	5.12 ± 1.52^a	3.91 ± 0.63^a	4.467 ± 2.96^a	4.63 ± 2.47^a
NO₃⁻N (mg kg⁻¹)	2.03 ± 0.47^a	3.74 ± 6.26^a	0.48 ± 0.24^a	1.97 ± 1.40^a	0.73 ± 0.14^a	1.49 ± 2.07^a
NO₂⁻N (mg kg⁻¹)	0.06 ± 0.02^a	0.08 ± 0.11^a	0.01 ± 0.02^b	0.29 ± 0.16^a	0.05 ± 0.03^a	0.26 ± 0.57^a
PO₄³⁻P (mg kg⁻¹)	0.16 ± 0.08^a	0.10 ± 0.03^a	0.02 ± 0.03^a	0.09 ± 0.07^a	0.05 ± 0.09^a	0.18 ± 0.32^a
CEC (cmol (+) kg⁻¹)	5.84 ± 0.42^a	7.11 ± 3.44^a	5.42 ± 1.31^b	11.83 ± 2.66^a	3.88 ± 0.91^a	4.46 ± 0.85^a
Sand (%)	77.33 ± 1.15^a	74.80 ± 6.42^a	69.5 ± 1.91^b	76.00 ± 2.00^a	72.80 ± 5.02^a	76.40 ± 1.67^a
Silt (%)	2.67 ± 1.15^b	9.20 ± 5.40^a	6.5 ± 1.00^a	8.00 ± 0.00^a	5.20 ± 1.79^a	5.20 ± 1.10^a
Clay (%)	20.00 ± 2.00^a	16.00 ± 1.41^b	24.00 ± 1.68^a	16.00 ± 2.00^b	22.00 ± 3.74^a	18.40 ± 2.19^a

Values are mean ± SD (N ≥ 3). EC, Electrical conductivity; CEC, cation exchange capacity; OM, Organic matter; BD, Bulk density. Different superscript alphabet letters for each between pairs of reclamation and reference soils per site are significantly different based on the parametric independent sample t-test or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test.