Table 4.
Comparisons of characteristics of pediatric LT recipients based on LAF scoring for allograft fibrosis observed in 10-year post-transplantation protocol biopsy.
| Variables | LAF score, portal | LAF score, sinusoidal | LAF score, centrilobular | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (n = 41) | 1 (n = 18) | 2 (n = 7) | P | 0 (n = 46) | 1 (n = 13) | 2 (n = 7) | P | 0 (n = 47) | 1–2 (n = 19) | P | |
| Recipient sex (Male) | 19 (46.3%) | 6 (33.3%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0.600 | 20 (43.5%) | 6 (46.2%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.529 | 22 (46.8%) | 25 (53.2%) | 0.728 |
| Median recipient age (months) | 11.6 (16.0) | 11.7 (17.4) | 23.2 (74.3) | 0.208 | 11.8 (25.4) | 11.9 (12.6) | 18.7 (37.6) | 0.798 | 11.9 (30.9) | 12.1 (11.6) | 0.357 |
| Donor sex (Male) | 24 (58.5%) | 11 (61.1%) | 6 (85.7%) | 0.247 | 30 (65.2%) | 5 (38.5%) | 6/1 (85.7%) | 0.932 | 23 (48.9%) | 18 (94.7%) | 0.001 |
| Median donor age (years) | 33 (5) | 30.5 (9) | 32 (14) | 0.595 | 33 (7) | 30 (6) | 34 (9) | 0.003 | 34 (7) | 30 (3) | 0.001 |
| ABO non-identical (%) | 10 (24.4%) | 7 (38.9%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0.912 | 12 (26.1%) | 3 (23.1%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.505 | 13 (27.7%) | 5 (26.3%) | 0.912 |
| ABO incompatible (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (5.6%) | — | 0.975 | — | — | 2 (28.6%) | 0.001 | 1 (2.1%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.496 |
| Median graft weight (g) | 261 (89.7) | 266.5 (116) | 283 (178) | 0.609 | 270 (98.5) | 257 (61.0) | 282 (311.5) | 0.284 | 269 (159.5) | 264.5 (72.8) | 0.664 |
| Median graft-recipient weight ratio (%) | 2.81 (1.33) | 3.50 (1.39) | 1.79 (1.09) | 0.084 | 3.00 (1.58) | 2.67 (1.23) | 2.74 (2.42) | 0.862 | 2.72 (1.82) | 2.81 (1.11) | 0.431 |
| Laboratory results at LT | |||||||||||
| Median TB (mg/dL) | 16.2 (15.7) | 15.4 (10.6) | 3.1 (12.1) | 0.024 | 13.3 (16.0) | 17.3 (17.1) | 14.3 (10.3) | 0.957 | 13.7 (13.7) | 16.1 (20.5) | 0.972 |
| Mean albumin (g/dL) | 3.04 ± 0.67 | 2.96 ± 0.79 | 3.27 ± 0.75 | 0.589 | 3.01 ± 0.70 | 3.11 ± 0.49 | 3.16 ± 0.79 | 0.811 | 3.03 ± 0.71 | 3.07 ± 0.58 | 0.830 |
| Median PT/INR | 1.37 (0.44) | 1.34 (0.61) | 1.19 (0.22) | 0.226 | 1.31 (0.45) | 1.42 (0.50) | 1.41 (0.45) | 0.966 | 1.37 (0.44) | 1.32 (0.45) | 0.729 |
| Median serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.43 (0.35) | 0.31 (0.44) | 0.44 (0.31) | 0.731 | 0.45 (0.33) | 0.31 (0.32) | 0.43 (0.53) | 0.689 | 0.45 (0.35) | 0.31 (0.40) | 0.465 |
| Median PELD score | 14.5 (13) | 10.5 (12) | 5.0 (10) | 0.053 | 14 (14) | 14 (13) | 11 (15) | 0.976 | 14 (13) | 11 (15) | 0.642 |
| Median biopsy interval (months) | 132 (16.1) | 132 (16.2) | 136 (17.2) | 0.917 | 134 (12.4) | 129 (17.5) | 132 (16.0) | 0.727 | 134 (12.8) | 127 (21.4) | 0.243 |
| Mean FK trough concentration, median (ng/mL) | 3.16 (0.95) | 3.70 (1.69) | 5.16 (2.83) | 0.088 | 3.39 (1.01) | 4.03 (2.76) | 3.13 (1.64) | 0.834 | 3.47 (1.59) | 3.12 (0.77) | 0.131 |
| Median number of tests for FK | 114 (41) | 112.5 (63) | 146 (106) | 0.175 | 111 (40) | 123 (97) | 156 (71) | 0.333 | 115 (51) | 116 (48) | 0.750 |
| Mean TB of entire period, median (mg/dL) | 0.52 (0.33) | 0.58 (0.33) | 0.82 (0.67) | 0.123 | 0.55 (0.34) | 0.60 (0.55) | 0.55 (0.48) | 0.800 | 0.64 (0.32) | 0.53 (0.38) | 0.154 |
| Experience of rejection (n, %) | 15 (36.6%) | 8 (44.4%) | 6 (85.7%) | 0.031 | 18 (39.1%) | 6 (46.2%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0.131 | 20 (42.6%) | 9 (47.4%) | 0.721 |
| Experience of vascular complication (n, %) | 4 (9.8%) | 2 (11.1%) | — | 0.570 | 4 (8.7%) | 2 (15.4%) | — | 0.774 | 5 (10.6%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.664 |
| Experience of biliary complication (n, %) | 4 (9.8%) | — | 1 (14.3%) | 0.773 | 4 (8.7%) | — | 1 (14.3%) | 0.975 | 3 (6.4%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.621 |
| Experience of PTLD (n, %) | 2 (4.9%) | 5 (27.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0.015 | 4 (8.7%) | 3 (23.1%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0.080 | 2 (4.3%) | 7 (36.8%) | 0.002 |
| Events with AST/ALT > 50 U/L, median | 3 (7) | 4.5 (8) | 12 (8) | 0.010 | 3 (7) | 7 (13) | 5 (10) | 0.426 | 5 (8) | 3 (8) | 0.279 |
| Events with AST/ALT > 100 U/L, median | 1 (3) | 1 (2) | 7 (5) | 0.042 | 1 (3) | 2 (7) | 3 (6) | 0.154 | 2 (3) | 1 (4) | 0.535 |
| Laboratory results at biopsy | |||||||||||
| Median TB (mg/dL) | 0.5 (0.35) | 0.5 (0.53) | 0.6 (0.9) | 0.554 | 0.5 (0.35) | 0.5 (0.65) | 0.5 (0.7) | 0.628 | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.4 (0.6) | 0.475 |
| Median AST (U/L) | 22 (11.5) | 24 (12.3) | 42 (27) | 0.484 | 22 (11.3) | 24 (23) | 32 (21) | 0.145 | 24 (14) | 22 (11) | 0.383 |
| Median ALT (U/L) | 16 (10) | 18.5 (11.5) | 48 (35.0) | 0.079 | 18 (8.5) | 16 (26.5) | 19 (34) | 0.739 | 21 (14) | 14 (9) | 0.011 |
| Median GGT (U/L) | 22 (26.5) | 22.5 (39.8) | 39.0 (169) | 0.632 | 21.5 (19.5) | 24.0 (42.0) | 60.0 (82.0) | 0.267 | 25 (43) | 19 (11) | 0.023 |
| Median creatinine (g/dL) | 0.52 (0.13) | 0.55 (0.32) | 0.63 (0.40) | 0.273 | 0.54 (0.20) | 0.49 (0.26) | 0.56 (0.31) | 0.751 | 0.54 (0.31) | 0.49 (0.18) | 0.039 |
| Median IgG level (mg/dL) | 1038 (360) | 1185 (447) | 1143 (543) | 0.263 | 1058 (326) | 1198 (619) | 1020 (489) | 0.851 | 1137 (343) | 1020 (345) | 0.144 |
| Positive for FANA (n/%) | 10 (24.4%) | 9 (50.0%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.098 | 11 (23.9%) | 6 (46.2%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0.007 | 14 (29.8%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.551 |
| Positive for AMA (n/%) | 3 (7.3%) | — | 3 (42.9%) | 0.209 | 2 (4.3%) | — | 1 (14.3%) | 0.501 | 3 (6.4%) | — | 1.000 |
| Positive for SMA (n/%) | 2 (4.9%) | 2 (11.1%) | — | 0.964 | 3 (6.5%) | 1 (7.7%) | — | 0.629 | 3 (6.4%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0.393 |
| Positive for any autoantibodies (n/%) | 12 (29.3%) | 10 (55.6%) | — | 0.151 | 13 (28.3%) | 7 (53.8%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0.011 | 17 (36.2%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.653 |
*Rejection activity index RAI, Interquartile range IQR, Liver transplantation LT, Total bilirubin TB, Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio PT/INR, Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease PTLD, Aspartate aminotransferase AST, Alanine aminotransferase ALT, Gamma glutamyl transferase GGT, Fluorescent antinuclear antibody FANA, Anti-mitochondrial antibody AMA, Smooth muscle antibody SMA.