. 2019 Feb 8;59(1):287–296. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01907-8

Table 1.

Characteristics of the 13 eligible studies according to subject status, sex, age, TNM stage, and smoking status

Study	Denmark (EPIC)		France (EPIC)		Germany (EPIC)		Greece (EPIC)		Italy (EPIC)		The Netherlands (EPIC)		Norway (EPIC)
Study	No.	%^a	No.	%^a	No	%^a	No.	%^a	No.	%^a	No.	%^a	No.	%^a
Subject status
Total	56,005	100	64,866	100	49,457	100	25,268	100	45,204	100	37,102	100	33,856	100
Cases	411	< 1	31	< 1	218	< 1	50	< 1	192	< 1	119	< 1	24	< 1
Non-cases	55,594	> 99	64,835	> 99	49,239	> 99	25,218	> 99	45,012	> 99	36,983	> 99	33,832	> 99
Sex
Men	26,764	48	0	0	21,551	44	10,438	41	14,084	31	9801	26	0	0
Women	29,241	52	64,866	100	27,906	56	14,830	59	31,120	69	27,301	74	33,856	100
Age
< 50	0	0	27,158	42	23,661	48	10,715	42	21,565	48	16,161	43	21,301	63
50–59	40,996	73	26,392	41	16,978	34	5542	22	17,791	39	14,720	40	12,555	37
60–69	15,009	27	11,286	17	8817	18	6455	26	5647	13	6217	17	0	0
≥ 70	0	0	30	< 1	1	< 1	2556	10	201	< 1	4	< 1	0	0
TNM stage
Invasive	44	24	5	12	40	26	N/A	N/A	20	20	23	20	N/A	N/A
Non-invasive	138	76	22	78	114	74	N/A	N/A	104	80	93	80	N/A	N/A
Smoking status
Never smoker	19,624	35	45,797	71	22,658	46	14,060	56	20,540	45	14,171	38	12,057	36
Former smoker	17,070	31	13,121	20	16,386	33	4232	17	12,096	27	11,572	31	10,438	31
Current smoker	19,311	34	5948	9	10,413	21	6976	27	12,568	28	11,359	31	11,361	33
MDS
0–3	12,595	22	30,882	48	19,758	40	6895	27	13,935	31	16,255	44	12,147	36
4–5	25,549	46	28,380	44	22,919	46	12,073	48	23,186	51	16,484	44	15,600	46
6–9	17,861	32	5604	8	6780	14	6300	25	8083	18	4363	12	6109	18

Study	Spain (EPIC)		Sweden (EPIC)		United Kingdom (EPIC)		USA (VITAL)		Netherlands (NLCS)		Australia (MCCS)^b
Study	No.	%^a	No.	%	No.	%^a	No.	%^a	No.	%^a	No.	%^a
Subject status
Total	40,782	100	49,328	100	75,035	100	76,433	100	5,632	100	38,263	100
Cases	154	< 1	303	< 1	250	< 1	378	< 1	940	17	520	1
Non-cases	40,628	> 99	49,025	> 99	74,785	> 99	76,055	> 99	4692	83	37,743	99
Sex
Men	15,439	38	22,546	46	22,476	30	36,792	52	3052	54	15,798	41
Women	25,343	62	26,782	54	52,559	70	40,089	48	2580	46	22,465	59
Age
< 50	22,824	56	19,136	39	39,461	52	0	0	0	0	12,047	32
50–59	12,936	32	16,794	34	17,049	23	35,262	46	2058	37	12,560	33
60–69	5022	12	11,150	23	12,553	17	26,685	35	3534	63	13,108	34
≥ 70	0	0	2248	4	5972	8	14,934	19	40	< 1	548	1
TNM stage
Invasive	7	14	N/A	N/A	6	86	121	35	443	52	232	45
Non-invasive	50	86	N/A	N/A	1	14	229	65	409	48	288	55
Smoking status
Never smoker	22,599	55	24,205	49	41,948	56	36,478	47	1848	33	22,057	58
Former smoker	7207	18	13,410	27	23,924	32	33,931	44	2018	36	11,848	31
Current smoker	10,976	27	11,713	24	9163	12	6490	9	1766	31	4358	11
MDS
0–3	20,067	49	13,466	27	24,162	32	29,434	39	2181	39	22,326	59
4–5	17,231	42	25,798	52	29,122	39	29,194	39	2409	43	10,411	27
6–9	3484	9	10,064	21	21,751	29	15,921	22	1042	18	5314	14

EPIC European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition, NLCS Netherlands Cohort Study, VITAL VITamins And Lifestyle Study, MCCS Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, TNM stage tumour nodes metastasis stage, MIBC muscle-invasive bladder cancer, NMIBC non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

^aThe sum does not add up to the total, because of missing values

^bRecruitment of the MCCS is still ongoing, therefore the presented number of participants differ from the 2016- and 2017-published numbers by Dugue et al.