Table 2.
Overview of studies on the differentially expressed genes of endometrium under ovarian stimulation
| Study | Comparator | Type of GnRH-a/ant | Sample size | Type of array | Fold change | Gene ontology (GO) | Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stimulation protocol | KEGG pathways | ||||||
| Mirkin et al. (2004) | LH+8 VS hCG+9 | Leuprolide acetate | 15 | Affymetrix HG-U95Av2 | ≥ 1.2 |
Up: agonist—5 antagonist—6 Down: agonist—1 antagonist—6 |
|
| GnRH agonist VS GnRH antagonist | Ganirelix or Cetrorelix | Up: 13 Down: 0 | |||||
| Simon et al. (2005) | LH+2/+7 VS hCG+2/+7 | Buserelin | 12 | Affymetrix HG-U133A | ≥ 2 | No relevant alteration was Observed. | |
| GnRH agonist VS GnRH antagonist | Ganirelix | ||||||
| Horcajads et al. (2005) | LH+2/LH+7 VS hCG+7 | Leuprolide acetate | 24 |
Affymetrix HG-U133A |
≥ 3 |
Up: 281 Down: 277 |
|
| GnRH agonist | |||||||
| Macklon et al. (2008) | 5 days after ovulation VS 5 days after ovum pick up | Ganirelix | 8 |
Affymetrix HGU133plus2 |
≥ 1.5 | Cell adhesion, T-cell receptor signaling, regulation of signal transduction, cell growth, proliferation, and programmed cell death |
Up: 142 Down: 98 |
| GnRH antagonist | |||||||
| Horcajads et al. (2008) | LH+1/+3/+5/+7/+9 VS hCG+1/+3/+5/+7/+9 | Leuprolide acetate | 49 |
Affymetrix HGU133A |
— | Biological processes including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cellular physiological process, cell death, and apoptosis were listed. |
Up: 203 Down :97(2-day delay of genomic profile in COH) |
| GnRH agonist | |||||||
| Liu et al. (2008) |
LH+7 VS hCG+7 Moderate responders VS High responders |
Buserelin (nasal spray) |
13 |
Affymetrix HG-U133A |
≥ 2 | enzyme, signal transducer, ion-binding protein, transporter, receptor, transcription factor, cell adhesion molecule, regulatory protein | Moderate responders: Up: 5 Down: 2 |
| GnRH agonist | Wnt-signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, nicotinamide metabolism | High responders: Up: 244 Down: 159 | |||||
| Haouzi et al. (2009) | LH+2/LH+7 VS hCG+2/hCG+7 | Not mention | 84 |
Affymetrix HGU133plus2 |
> 2 | cell division cycle (CDC) members, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), and members of the E2F family of transcription factors |
Up: 777 Down: 221 |
| Not mention | TGFβ signaling pathway, the complement and coagulation cascades and leukocyte transendothelial migration | ||||||
| Haouzi et al. (2009) | LH+2/LH+7 VS hCG+2/hCG+5 | Not mention | 84 |
Affymetrix HGU133plus2 |
> 2 | Chemokines in inflammatory processes, growth factors related to endometrium | GnRH agonist: Up: 731 Down: 451 |
| GnRH agonist VS GnRH antagonist | G1/S checkpoint regulation | GnRH antagonist: Up: 634 Down: 210 | |||||
| Senapati et al. (2018) | LH+12 VS hCG+13 | Leuprolide acetate | 23 | Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST array+ Infinium DNA methylation 450 K BeadChip |
> 1.5 > 2 |
FC > 2: 165 DEGs, FC > 1.5: 641 DEGs 3322 genes with differential methylation, HPSE2, SERPINA5, MMP2, and MMP26 were similar to our common DEGs. |
|
| GnRH antagonist (7) and GnRH agonist (4) | Type of GnRH-anta not mention |
Gene enrichment in endometrial remodeling Proteolytic pathway involved in extracellular matrix degradation |