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Formulas of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism.
| Variables | Formulas |
|---|---|
| Energy expenditure (kcal/min) | fat oxidation (g/min) × 9 + carbohydrate oxidation (g/min) × 4 |
| Fat oxidation (g/min) | 1.695 × VO2 (l/min) − 1.701 × VCO2 (l/min) |
| Carbohydrate oxidation (g/min) | 4.585 × VCO2 (l/min) − 3.226 × VO2 (l/min) |
| % Fat | ((1 − RER) / 0.29) × 100 |
| % CHO | ((RER − 0.71) / 0.29) × 100 |
