Table 1.
Risk factors for asymptomatic infection by novel HAstVs and other enteric viruses in children (2017–2018).
| Risk Factor | Virus Prevalence (%) | OR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Novel HAstV | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 6.4/2.7 | 2.5 | 0.47–16.6 | 0.28 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 4.7/3.4 | 1.37 | 0.26–9.08 | 0.73 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 4.7/8.7 | 0.53 | 0.008–10.98 | 1.00 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 0.0/4.6 | — | — | 1.00 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 6.3/1.9 | 3.55 | 0.56–37.94 | 0.14 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 12.5/3.4 | 4.02 | 0.36–25.12 | 0.14 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 5.1/3.5 | 1.5 | 0.27–8.30 | 0.72 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 4.5/3.4 | 1.33 | 0.23–13.90 | 1.00 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 4.4/3.7 | 1.20 | 0.23–7.97 | 1.00 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 3.9/4.3 | 0.92 | 0.16–5.08 | 1.00 |
| Adenovirus | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 19.2/30.4 | 0.54 | 0.25–1.14 | 0.09 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 25.5/27.6 | 0.89 | 0.45–1.8 | 0.74 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 0/34.8 | — | — | 0.004 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 25/27.2 | 0.89 | 0.15–3.79 | 1.00 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 24.1/28.3 | 0.80 | 0.39–1.64 | 0.61 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 18.8/27 | 0.62 | 0.11–2.42 | 0.56 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 24.7/27.8 | 0.85 | 0.41–1.72 | 0.74 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 25.6/27.1 | 0.92 | 0.44–1.98 | 0.86 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 30.4/19.8 | 1.77 | 0.86–3.75 | 0.13 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 26.7/25 | 1.09 | 0.55–2.2 | 0.87 |
| Norovirus | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 13.2/10 | 1.36 | 0.49–3.76 | 0.64 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 10.5/13.1 | 0.77 | 0.29–2.10 | 0.65 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 9.5/19.1 | 0.45 | 0.04–3.65 | 0.66 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 25/9.5 | 3.16 | 0.49–14.37 | 0.12 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 20.8/4.8 | 5.19 | 1.69–18.89 | 0.002 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 25/10 | 3 | 0.63–11.34 | 0.08 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 14.5/9.8 | 1.55 | 0.57–4.19 | 0.36 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 9.9/15.8 | 0.59 | 0.22–1.67 | 0.32 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 11.7/11.4 | 1.03 | 0.38–2.89 | 1.00 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 10.2/13.2 | 0.74 | 0.27–2.00 | 0.65 |
| Rotavirus | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 19.2/1.8 | 13.2 | 2.89–121.3 | < 0.001 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 7.5/10.3 | 0.7 | 0.22–2.15 | 0.61 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 38.1/17.4 | 2.92 | 0.61–15.8 | 0.18 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 8.3/9.2 | 0.89 | 0.02–6.9 | 1.00 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 10.1/7.5 | 1.39 | 0.43–4.48 | 0.6 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 0/9.7 | — | — | 0.37 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 3.8/12.2 | 0.29 | 0.05–1.09 | 0.07 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 6.7/10.2 | 0.64 | 0.19–2.29 | 0.39 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 2.7/17.3 | 0.13 | 0.02–0.5 | 0.001 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 5.9/11.8 | 0.47 | 0.14–1.47 | 0.2 |
| Sapovirus | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 7.7/2.7 | 3.05 | 0.63–19.36 | 0.16 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 5.6/3.4 | 1.66 | 0.34–10.6 | 0.7 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 4.7/8.7 | 0.53 | 0.008–11.0 | 1.00 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 8.3/3.5 | 2.53 | 0.05–23.84 | 0.38 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 6.3/3.7 | 1.74 | 0.36–9.05 | 0.49 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 0/5.1 | — | — | 1.00 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 7.7/1.7 | 4.7 | 0.81–48.54 | 0.06 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 4.5/5.1 | 0.88 | 0.18–5.6 | 1.00 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 6.2/2.5 | 2.61 | 0.48–26.3 | 0.3 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 3.9/5.4 | 0.73 | 0.14–3.49 | 0.7 |
| Classic HAstV | ||||
| Age (0–1 year/2–6 years) | 6.4/0.9 | 7.6 | 0.82–362 | 0.04 |
| Gender (Boy/Girl) | 4.7/1.2 | 4.2 | 0.45–199 | 0.2 |
| Breastfeeding (Yes/No) | 0/13.0 | — | — | 0.23 |
| Chronic Pathology (Yes/No) | 0/2.9 | — | — | 1.00 |
| RV Vaccination (Yes/No) | 6.4/0.9 | 7.3 | 0.78–346 | 0.08 |
| Antibiotic Treatment (Yes/No) | 6.3/2.3 | 2.83 | 0.05–30.9 | 0.4 |
| Resp infection/Fever (Yes/No) | 3.8/2.6 | 1.48 | 0.19–11.32 | 0.7 |
| Siblings (Any/None) | 3.0/1.7 | 1.8 | 0.17–90.1 | 1.00 |
| School Attendance (Yes/No) | 4.4/1.3 | 3.53 | 0.38–169 | 0.4 |
| Domestic Animals (Yes/No) | 3/3.2 | 0.93 | 0.12–7.12 | 1.00 |
Only complete vaccinated individuals were included in Yes for rotavirus vaccination.
Breastfeeding Yes includes partial and total breastfeeding of children under 1 year-old. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; RV: rotavirus.