Online-only Table 1.

Key variables extracted from various studies. The numbers in the table body refer to the references cited in the paper.

Coordinate	Study year	Duration (yr)†	Plant community				Soil properties
							Physical			Chemical					Biolog.
			Biomass	Diversity	Veg. %	Root biom.	Bulk density	Texture	Moisture	SOC	N	Other nutrients	pH	C/N
37°8′ N, 106°49′ E	2001–2014	13								42	42	42			42
37°8′ N, 106°49′ E	2001–2014	13													43
33°37′ N, 99°48′ E	1998–2000	2					44			44	44	44		44
30°27′–35°39′ N, 83°41′–95°10′ E	2006–2009	3	45	45	45
30°27′–35°39′ N, 83°41′–95°11′ E	2006–2010	N/A	45		45
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	2007–2009	N/A					46	46		46
42°53′ N, 83°42′ E	N/A	27	47		47	47	47						47
37°7′ N, 106°49′ E	2001–2012	11													48
43°34′ N, 119°35′–119°38′ E	2003–2005	N/A	49		49					49	49
37°6′ N, 103°31′ E	2003–2010	7					50	50	50			50	50	50	50
43°33′ N, 116°40′ E	2004–2006	25					51	51		51	51
41°46′–41°50′ N, 111°2′–111°55′ E	2005	8					52			52	52	52	52
37°8′ N, 106°50′ E	2001–2009	8							53		53				53
37°8′ N, 106°50′ E	2001–2010	9	54							54	54		54	54
44°33′ N, 123°40′ E	2009–2012	3							55	55	55	55	55	55	55
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	2005–2010	9	56	56
41°44′ N, 115°46′ E	2010–2014	4	57			57	57			57	57		57
37°37′ N, 101°12′ E	2006–2009	4							58	58	58				58
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	2005–2008	3	59							59
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	1979–2004	25						60		60	60		60
30°57′ N, 88°42′ E	2012	2					61			61	61	61
41°54′ N, 116°0′ E	2009–2010	1			8		8		8		8	8	8	8
44°45′ N, 123°45′ E	N/A	5					62		62				62
29°56′–36°41′ N, 83°52′–95°1′ E	1980–2007	27					63	63		63	63	63	63	63
41°44′ N, 115°46′ E	2009–2012	3	64	64			64	64	64	64	64		64
44°35′ N, 123°36′ E	2002–2003	17	65						65
38°54′–39°11′ N, 100°48′–101°12′ E	2016	18	66	66	66	66	66			66	66		66	66
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	2005–2008	3					9			9	9	9
33°42′ N, 102°7′ E	1999–2009	10	67	67	67
43°38′ N, 116°42′ E	N/A	25													68
43°50′ N, 116°34′ E	1989–2006	15	69				69			69	69
41°46′ N, 115°41′ E	2001–2012	11	70	70	70	70	70		70	70	70			70
31°38′ N, 92°0′ E	2013	3							71		71	71	71		71
49°19′–49°20′ N, 119°56′–119°57′ E	2009–2014	5	72		72	72
49°23′–49°25′ N, 120°5′–120°11′ E	2009–2014	5					73		73
44°48′–44°50′ N, 116°2′–116°30′ E	2011–2012	N/A	74		74						74
34°54′ N, 102°6′ E	2010–2015	5	75	75	75	75	75				75	75	75
34°36′–35°53′ N, 111°15′–112°37′ E	N/A	N/A									76	76	76
42°55′ N, 120°42′ E	1992–1996	5	77	77	77	77
31°23′ N, 90°2′ E	2010–2013	3	78		78
42°55′N, 120°42′E	2014	25	79	79	79	79	79		79		79		79
43°50′ N, 87°37′ E	2004–2005	5	80	80
42°52′ 43°57′ N, 83°42′–89°45′ E	2003	N/A		81

^†Number of years that the grazing exclusion practice was imposed.