Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of 207 Adult Participants With HIV and Symptoms Suggestive of Tuberculosis
| All Participants (n = 207), No. (%) or Median (IQR) | Confirmed TB (n = 75), No. (%) or Median (IQR) | Not TB (n = 132), No. (%) or Median (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 138 (67) | 54 (72) | 84 (64) |
| Age, y | 36 (31–41) | 35 (30.5–39) | 37 (31–41) |
| HIV/ART status | |||
| Months since HIV diagnosis | 0 (0–45) | 0 (0–6.5) | 0 (0–59) |
| Diagnosed with HIV <1 mo | 116 (56) | 51 (68) | 65 (49) |
| Ever been on ART | 82 (40) | 22 (29) | 60 (45) |
| Currently on ART | 80 (39) | 21 (28) | 59 (45) |
| ART status <3 mo | 145 (70) | 61 (81) | 84 (64) |
| Current CD4 count, cells/µL | 185 (51–242) | 114 (46–259) | 227 (55–416) |
| TB history | |||
| Previous TB | 34 (17) | 9 (12) | 25 (19) |
| Previous IPT | 4 (2) | 2 (3) | 2 (2) |
| Current IPT | 10 (5) | 2 (3) | 8 (6) |
| WHO symptoms | |||
| Duration of symptoms | 94 (47) | 44 (59) | 50 (38) |
| ≥14 d | |||
| Cough | 196 (95) | 73 (97) | 123 (93) |
| Fever | 124 (60) | 52 (69) | 72 (55) |
| Night sweats | 155 (75) | 61 (81) | 94 (71) |
| Weight loss | 186 (90) | 73 (97) | 113 (86) |
| No. of symptoms | 8 (4) | 1 (1) | 7 (5) |
| 1 | 41 (20) | 10 (13) | 31 (23) |
| 2 | 62 (30) | 22 (29) | 44 (33) |
| 3 | 96 (46) | 46 (61) | 50 (38) |
| 4 | |||
| Medical history | |||
| Current smoker | 60 (29) | 23 (31) | 37 (28) |
| Diabetes | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) |
| Measurements | |||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 20.1 (18.3–22.3) | 19.3 (18.2–21.7) | 20.5 (18.7–22.8) |
| Pulse rate, bpm | 76 (68–82) | 78 (72–88) | 74 (68–82) |
| Respiratory rate, bpm | 14 (14–16) | 16 (14–16) | 14 (14–16) |
| Temperature, ºC | 184 (89) | 62 (83) | 122 (92) |
| 36.0–37.4 | 19 (14) | 10 (13) | 9 (7) |
| 37.5–38.9 | 4 (2) | 3 (4) | 1 (1) |
| 39.0–40.0 | |||
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 57 (16.8–115) | 74 (45–126) | 38 (9–94.5) |
| Visit 2 | |||
| Days after visit 1 | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) |
| Symptoms improved | 155 (75) | 42 (56) | 113 (86) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 34 (9–91) | 81 (38–123) | 16 (5–56) |
| Log C-reactive protein change | –0.103 (0.105 to –0.721) | –0.008 (–0.206 to 0.34) | 0.22 (0 to 1.07) |
Missing values: previous TB [4], duration of symptoms ≥ 14 days [6], night sweats [1], current smoker [3], diabetes [3], C-reactive protein visit 1 [3], symptoms improved [1], C-reactive protein visit 2 [4], log C-reactive protein change [6].
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; IPT, isoniazid preventive therapy; IQR, interquartile range; TB, tuberculosis; WHO, World Health Organization.