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. 2020 Jan 29;10:1661. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01661

Table 1.

Summary of proteoglycans and their therapeutic applications.

Proteoglycans Predominant GAG Therapeutic Application References
Glypican 1-6 Heparan sulfate Ischemic wound healing (Monteforte et al., 2016)
Suppressing metastasis in gastric cancer (Han et al., 2016)
Syndecan 1-4 Heparan sulfate Diabetic wound healing (Das et al., 2016a; Das et al., 2016b; Das et al., 2016c)
Aggrecan Chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate Osteoarthritis (Bernhard and Panitch, 2012; Place et al., 2014a; Phillips et al., 2019; Place et al., 2014b; Sarkar et al., 2012; Sharma et al., 2013; Sharma et al., 2016; Prudnikova et al., 2017; Prudnikova et al., 2018)
Decorin Dermatan sulfate Macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema (Devore et al., 2010)
Corneal wound healing (Grisanti et al., 2005; Hill et al., 2018)
Anti-scarring (Stuart et al., 2011; Ahmed et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2016)
Oncosupression (Yang et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2017; Oh et al., 2017a)
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (Shen et al., 2017)
Vascular neointimal hyperplasia (Paderi et al., 2011; Scott and Panitch, 2014; Scott et al., 2017)
Lumican Keratan sulfate Corneal wound healing (Chakravarti, 2002; Gesteira et al., 2017)
Bacterial lung infections (Shao et al., 2012; Shao et al., 2013a)
Scarring (Yeh et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2013; Yamanaka et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2016)
Melanoma (Zeltz et al., 2009; Pietraszek et al., 2013)
Biglycan Chondroitin sulfate Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Amenta et al., 2011; Ito et al., 2017; Fallon and McNally, 2018)
Fibromodulin Keratan sulfate Diabetic wounds and neuropathy (Jian et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2014; Jazi et al., 2016)
Neointimal hyperplasia (Ranjzad et al., 2009)
Bone regeneration (Zheng et al., 2012; Li et al., 2016)
Tendon healing (Delalande et al., 2015)
Breast cancer metastasis (Dawoody Nejad et al., 2017)
Lubricin None Osteoarthritis (Iqbal et al., 2016; Lakin et al., 2019; Larson et al., 2016; Ludwig et al., 2012; Wathier et al., 2013; Lawrence et al., 2015)
Ocular applications, dry eye (Lambiase et al., 2017; Oh et al., 2017b; Samsom et al., 2018a)
Perlecan Heparan sulfate Cartilage regeneration (French et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2006; Jha et al., 2009; Srinivasan et al., 2012)
Ischemic wound healing (Aviezer et al., 1994; Zoeller et al., 2009)
Neurovascular dysfunction (Clarke et al., 2012; Parham et al., 2016)
Stroke and vascular dementia (Lee et al., 2011; Marcelo and Bix, 2015)
Neointimal hyperplasia (Rnjak-Kovacina et al., 2016)