Table 1.
Unit cost of each healthcare service related to patients with end-stage renal disease
| Healthcare service | Cost (USD) | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| General outpatient clinic (per visit) | 57.1 | Hospital Authority [14] |
| Specialist outpatient clinic (per visit) | 152.6 | Hospital Authority [14] |
| Accident and emergency (per visit) | 157.7 | Hospital Authority [14] |
| Hospital stay (per night) | 653.8 | Hospital Authority [14] |
| Haemodialysis (per session) | 384.6 | Hospital Authority [14] |
| PD home machine rental consumables, maintenance and insurance (per month) | 641.0 | Personal communication with nephrologists |
| Home-based HD machine rental and consumables (per month) | 769.2 | Personal communication with nephrologists |
| Pre-dialysis access surgery | ||
| PD: insertion / removal of peritoneal dialysis catheter | 3192.3 | Hospital Authority [15] |
| HD: Insertion / removal of haemodialysis catheter b | 2057.7 | Hospital Authority [15] |
| HD: Arteriovenostomy for renal dialysis (arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft) b | 6384.6 | Hospital Authority [15]. Personal communication with nephrologists |
| Renal transplantation | 10,278.8 | Hospital Authority [15] |
| Post-transplant follow-upc | Personal communication with nephrologists | |
| Initial year | 1678.2 | |
| Subsequent years | 610.3 | |
| Dialysis traininga | Personal communication with nephrologists | |
| PDd | 1692.3 | |
| Hospital-based HD | 0 | |
| Home-based HD | 12,184.6 | |
| Re-training after peritonitisa,d | Personal communication with nephrologists | |
| PD | 1692.3 | |
aDialysis training cost for PD = USD42.3 × 8 h × 5 days × 1 week = USD1392.3; Hospital-based HD = 0; Dialysis training cost for Home-based HD = USD42.3 × 8 h × 3 days × 12 weeks = USD12184.6.
(Median hourly wage of Registered Nurse in 2017 = USD42.3)
bThe ratio for HD: Insertion / removal of haemodialysis catheter vs. Arteriovenostomy for renal dialysis (arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft) = 3:7, with reference to recommendation by nephrologists
c Post-transplant patients in initial year were assumed to attend eleven times at specialist outpatient clinics (USD152.6 × 11 times = USD1678.2). Post-transplant patients in second years were assumed to attend four times at specialist outpatient clinics (USD152.6 × 4 times = USD610.3)
dPD patients are required for re-training after every 5 years for PD life extension