Table 3.
Parameter values, ranges (95% confidence interval) and distributions used in the base-case scenario
| Model parameter | Mean | SD | 95% CI | Distribution | Parameter | Reference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lower | upper | ||||||||
| Clinical | |||||||||
| Renal transplantation rate | 0.0794 | Leung 2015 [5] | |||||||
| Mortality rate (cases/100 person-years) | |||||||||
| PD | 15.21 | Ho 2013 [22] | |||||||
| Hospital-based HD | 19.45 | Ho 2013 [22] | |||||||
| Home-based HD | 10.6 | Rydell 2019 [23] | |||||||
| Post-transplant patients | 2.00 | Ho 2013 [22] | |||||||
| Annual probability of modality switching | Dirichlet | ||||||||
| PD → | 159 | 19 | 1 | ||||||
| PD | 0.888 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| Hospital-based HD | 0.106 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| Home-based HD | 0.006 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| Hospital-based HD → | 131 | 26 | 10 | ||||||
| Hospital-based HD | 0.784 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| PD | 0.156 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| Home-based HD | 0.060 | Data from cost analysis | |||||||
| Home-based HD → | Beta | (alpha, | beta) | ||||||
| Home-based HD | 0.950 | 41 | 2 | McFarlane 2006 [21] | |||||
| Hospital-based HD | 0.050 | McFarlane 2006 [21] | |||||||
| PD | 0.000 | assumption | |||||||
| Disutility | Gamma | (alpha, | beta) | ||||||
| PD | 0.222 | 0.110 | 0.200 | 0.243 | 4.06 | 0.055 | Chen 2016 [17] | ||
| Hospital-based HD | 0.269 | 0.114 | 0.249 | 0.288 | 5.58 | 0.048 | Chen 2016 [17] | ||
| Home-based HD | 0.222 | 0.091 | 0.194 | 0.250 | 5.94 | 0.037 | Wong 2019 [18] | ||
| Transplant and post-transplant | 0.190 | 0.492 | 0.100 | 0.280 | 17.12 | 0.011 | Liem 2008 [16] | ||
| Annual costs | |||||||||
| Societal perspective | Gamma | (alpha, | beta) | ||||||
| Total annual cost in initial year (USD) | |||||||||
| PD | 24,255.3 | 7914.7 | 23,658.7 | 24,851.9 | 9.4 | 2582.7 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Hospital-based HD | 57,968.0 | 9400.9 | 57,240.6 | 58,695.5 | 38.0 | 1524.6 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Home-based HD | 31,030.6 | 3625.8 | 30,477.6 | 31,583.5 | 73.2 | 423.7 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Total annual cost in subsequent year (USD) | |||||||||
| PD | 19,425.6 | 7737.6 | 18,842.4 | 20,008.9 | 6.3 | 3082.0 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Hospital-based HD | 52,950.9 | 9423.3 | 52,221.7 | 53,680.1 | 31.6 | 1677.0 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Home-based HD | 13,552.3 | 3058.0 | 13,085.9 | 14,018.6 | 19.6 | 690.0 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Healthcare provider perspective | Gamma | (alpha, | beta) | ||||||
| Total annual cost in initial year (USD) | |||||||||
| PD | 15,188.1 | 1994.8 | 15,037.8 | 15,338.5 | 58.0 | 262.0 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Hospital-based HD | 51,289.4 | 8054.0 | 50,666.1 | 51,912.6 | 40.6 | 1264.7 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Home-based HD | 28,635.7 | 2314.8 | 28,282.7 | 28,988.7 | 153.0 | 187.1 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Total annual cost in subsequent year (USD) | |||||||||
| PD | 10,358.5 | 2028.2 | 10,205.6 | 10,511.4 | 26.1 | 397.1 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Hospital-based HD | 46,272.2 | 8078.7 | 45,647.1 | 46,897.4 | 32.8 | 1410.5 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
| Home-based HD | 11,157.4 | 1161.4 | 10,980.3 | 11,334.5 | 92.3 | 120.9 | Wong 2019 [13] | ||
CI Confidence Interval, SD Standard deviation;