Table 3.

AGEP and TEN overlap cases—literature review

Source	Patient	Culprit drug	Clinical description	Time onset	Biopsy	Treatment	Outcome
Cohen et al. [16]	M 91	Cefuroxime Paracetamol	Generalized erythema (95%), non follicular pustules, bullae (clear) Skin detachment (41%) Nikolsky+	10 days after drug initiation	Spongiform pustules, papillary edema, perivascular mononuclear infiltrate	d/c drug Wet dressing	Resolution after 10 days
Scheinfeld et al. [17]	F 60	Famotidine	Generalized erythema, pustules Erosions Nikolsky+	2 days after drug initiation	Subcorneal blistering, no necrotic keratinocytes	d/c drug Clobetasol propionate	Resolution after 3 days
Byerly et al. [18]	F 45	Valdecoxib	Generalized erythema, nonfollicular Pustular papules and plaques; 80% BSA Nikolsky−	5 days after drug initiation	Spongiform pustules, neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltrate	d/c drug Wet dressing (bacitracin) IV fluids	n/a
Meiss et al. [5]	M 34 M 49 M 43	Ampilicillin, sulfabactam Clindamycin Amoxicillin	Edematous erythema Oinhead-sized pustules, bullae formation + exfoliation Nikolsky+	n/a	M 49-keratinocytes necrosis of basal layer, neutrophils with subcorneal pustule formation	d/c drug Infliximab	Resolution after 6-14 days
Goh et al. 2008 [4]	F 28	Carbamazepine	Generalized erythema Non-follicular pustules + clear bullae; 55% BSA, Mq membrane Nikolsky+	14 days after drug initiation	Mild spongiosis, subcorneal pustule, necrosis of the epidermis	d/c drug IV Hydrocortisone IV Ig	Resolution after 9 days Minimal scarring
Lateef et al. [19]	F 67—SLE	Hydroxy-chloroquine	Generalized erythema Entire BSA, targetoid patches Conjunctivitis Extensive desquamation	19 days after drug initiation	Epidermal spongiosis, intradermal infiltrate of neutrophils	d/c drug, IV fluids IV Hydrocortisone IV Ig	Resolution after 16 days Minimal scarring
Sadighha et al. [15]	F 56	Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid	Pustules, vesicles, blisters, erythema multiforme-like lesions Oral + conjunctival inflammation	3 days after drug initiation	Keratinocyte necrosis of the basal layer	d/c drug IV fluids Etanercept s/c	Resolution after 18 days
Peermohamed et al. [20]	M 20	Piperacillin and tazobactam	Diffuse erythema, nonfollicular pustules vesicles and bullae Nikolsky+	1 days after drug initiation	Intraepidermal pustules, bulla formation, no necrosis	d/c drug IV Hydrocortisone IV Ig	Resolution after 14 days No scarring
Kardaun et al. [21]	F 70	Morphine	Generalized erythematous eruption Flexure Tiny pustules Superficial erosions	8 days after drug initiation	Spongiform subcorneal pustules, neutrophilic spongiose, few necrotic keratinocytes	d/c drug	Resolution after 14 days
Natkunarajah et al. [14]	F 19	Flucloxacillin	Pin-head pustules on confluent erythema Vesicles, bullae Nikolsky+	5 days after drug initiation	Subcorneal pustule	d/c drug Ciclosporin PO	Resolution after 7 days
Hattem et al. [22]	F 30	Flucloxacillin	Generalized erythema, pustules Large bullae + erosions Nikolsky+	5 days after drug initiation	Spongiform subcorneal pustules + neutrophils, dermal edema	d/c drug IV fluids IV Hydrocortisone	Resolution after 10 days
Moling et al. [23]	M 29	Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid	Severe mucositis and pustules Nikolsky+	5 days after drug initiation	n/a	d/c drug IV methyl- prednisolone	Hopital discharge after 5 days
Kiyohara et al. [24]	M 37	Lamotrigine	Vesicles, pustules, bullae on erythematous base Nikolsky+	14 days after drug initiation	Subcorneal pustules, interface dermatitis	d/c drug Prednisolone PO	Resolution after 10 days
Smith et al. [11]	F 36	Flucloxacillin	Generalized erythema (90%), pustules, bullae Nikolsky+	n/a	Multiple subcorneal pustules, epidermal necrosis	d/c drug	n/a Full recovery
Worsnop et al. [25]	F 23	Flucloxacillin	Generalized erythema, painful blisters Nikolsky+	14 days after drug course	Papillary dermal edema, subepidermal bullae, subcorneal pustule	d/c drug IV Ig IV methyl-prednisolone	n/a Skin healed
Horcajada-Reales et al. [26]	F 87	Amlodipine or Furosemide	Erythematous plaques—violaceous center, detachment, perilabial Nikolsky+	7 days after drug initiation	Subcorneal plaques, perivascular dermal infiltrate	d/c drug IV Ig IV corticosteroids	Resolution after 14 days
Horcajada-Reales et al. [26]	F 75	Teicoplanin Amlodipine	Papulopustular exanthema trunk + limbs Epidermal detachment (30%), labial mucosa Nikolsky+	1 days after drug initiation	Pustules, spongiose, dense superficial perivascular inflammatory infiltrate	d/c drug IV corticosteroids	Resolution after 3 days
García Abellán et al. [27]	F 82	Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole	Violaceous exanthema Skin detachment Nikolsky+	14 days after drug initiation	Subcorneal pustules, neutrophils	d/c drug Prednisone PO IV Ig	Resolution after 8 days
Moreno-Arrones et al. [3]	F 90	Vismodegib	Generalized erythema Plaques with purpuric centers—head, folds, and trunk Skin detachment 15% Nikolsky +	8 days after drug initiation	Neutrophilic spongiotic pustules without epidermal necrosis	d/c drug, Ciclosporin	Resolution after 14 days

M male, F female, d days, d/c discontinuation, n/a not available, IV intravenous, s/c subcutaneous, PO by mouth, Ig immunoglobulins